National Institute of Statistics, Italy

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Price index for products purchased by farmers; statistical compilation other than National Account Price index for products sold by farmers; statistical compilation other than National Account.

Data source(s) used: Gross contractual wages, length of work contract and yearly wages and salaries on an accrual basis: Statistics from this survey are based on concept of labour price. For each nation-wide collective agreement, the number of employees and their composition by specific wage level (combined with indications for seniority, skill, estimation about shift work) are fixed at a base year and remain constant until the renewal of base has been done. Employees exclude apprentices and managers. The base used now is December 2010=100 Moreover, these indicators are not influenced by changes due to overtime, worked hours or not worked for strikes or worker's illness. Istat produces two type of statistics on wages according to collective agreements: monthly index (IRC) and annual figures (RCA). Both indicators include basic pay, seniority and shift work allowance, all bonuses specified in national agreements and payable to all workers as well as those paid periodically (e.g. the 13th month). Bonuses related to individual performance or individual working conditions, supplementary payment agreed at the company or local level are not included. Monthly index excludes also bonuses-arrears and una tantum paid in late, but these two items are included in the annual wage figures (retribuzione annua di competenza o di cassa). Wages include tax and social security contributions paid by employees. The monthly index is calculated dividing by 12 the annual figures for each group of qualifications in the collective agreement. It shows the evolution of full-time employees' wages according to collective agreement and to law in force. General index is calculated each month as the average of the increase sets in each collective agreement signed in the national territory. The figures are derived from a selection of the most relevant nation-wide collective bargaining agreements on wages between labour unions and employers' associations. Every month the press release "Contratti collettivi e retribuzioni contrattuali" publishes two wage indices in national labour agreements: per capita and per hour. Per capita index measures the change in the collectively agreed annual wages compared to the base year. Hourly index measures the change of the wages per unit of time (annual earnings divided by the total number of working hours in the year). Annual figures are in terms of accrual or cash values. The first one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di competenza) is the annual wage amount that employees would earn each year if the National Collective Agreement came in force on time. This remuneration assigns backdated una tantum and arrears payments to the theoretical relative month. The second one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di cassa) is the sum of wages that employees have actually received every month. Accrual values are revised if the renewed collective agreement settles the payment of una tantum and/or arrears for the period in which the collective agreement is expired and the new isn't still signed.

Data source(s) used: : INPSInstitute administrative archive

Data source(s) used: Istat economic sentiment indicator - IESI : Since June 2012, Istat disseminates the composite economic sentiment indicator of the whole Italian firms named IESI (Istat Economic Sentiment Indicator). Until April 2017, the indicator was calculated by aggregating of the balances of the variables included in the confidence climate indicator of industry (assessments on the order books, on the stocks of finished products and expectations on the production), of construction (assessments on current order books and expectations on firm's employment), of services (assessments and expectations on orders and expectations on the general economy), and of retail trade (assessments and expectations on business situation and assessments on stocks). Starting from the publication of May 2017, one of the series which makes up IESI was substituted. More specifically, with reference to the service sector, the balance series pertaining to the expectations on the general economy was replaced by the one concerning the assessments on the general business situation. That was done consistently with the new definition of the service climate confidence index. The calculation methodology of the indicator remains unvaried. The new series has been recalculated since March 2005.As for the calculation methodology, the 11 initial series are seasonally adjusted with the Tramo-Seats method and standardized. Their synthesis is obtained by a weighted average, using as weights the shares of the value added attributable to each sector. In order to get the weight to be assigned to each balance, the value-added of each sector is divided by the number of variables included in the computation of each confidence climate indicator. The weights used to synthesize the series refer to the year 2012 value added figures. The composite indicator obtained is converted into an index number based 2010=100.The previous series (2005=100) are weighted with value added figures referring to 2010. They was not calculated on the basis of the new definition of the service climate confidence index.

Data source(s) used: Business confidence survey in Construction: The survey is a part of the joint harmonized European Union programme of business and consumer surveys (the latest relevant normative is the Commission’s decision: COM (2006) 379 , 2006 July 12). The survey provides information about managers' assessments and expectations on the main economic variables in their company (e.g. assessments on order books and construction activity, expectations on orders, etc.). The reporting unit and the sample unit is the firm. The target universe is made up of Italian firms with three or more employees classified in Section F in NACE rev.2 . The survey is monthly and since November 2011 data collection technique used is CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing) . The sample design is stratified by economic sectors (identified by the divisions of section F in NACE rev.2), geographic partitions and firm sizes (in terms of employees). The sampling frame is based on ASIA archive (Statistical archive of active firms). The survey is addressed to a panel of 700 firms. The confidence indicator, according to the EU methodology, is calculated as the simple arithmetic average of the balances of answers to the question on assessments on order books and to the question on the expectations on employment. The confidence climate index is released for the whole sector and for the sub-sectors (the three divisions of NACE (rev.2) – section F: construction of buildings, civil engineering and specialized construction activities). All series are seasonally adjusted using the Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: All the series are estimated using the gross value added at factor cost as weight. More specifically, estimates until 2009 are obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2005; starting from 2010 estimates were obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2012. The series under the heading Previous series - climate (2005 = 100), instead, are weighed with similar weights pertaining to the year 2005 for all the period released. At the same time the publication of march 2015, the confidence climate index both for the whole sector and economic sub-sectors (the divisions provided in NACE (rev.2): construction of buildings, civil engineering and specialized construction activities) is released with base 2010=100.Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.: Variables concerning credit:since 2015, October, variables are surveyed quarterly; more specifically they are surveyed in March, June, September and December. Raw series are available starting from 2009, May.

Data source(s) used: The business confidence survey in the manufacturing sector: The survey is carried out in the framework of the joint harmonized EU Programme of business and consumer tendency surveys (the latest normative reference is the Commission’s decision COM (2006) 379 , 2006 July 12). The survey collects qualitative data on the current and expected cyclical situation of the manufacturing firms on monthly basis (e.g. assessments and expectations on firm’s order books, production and liquidity conditions; assessments on stocks of finished products; expectations on firm’s employment and selling prices), along with expectations on the Italian general economic situation. Quarterly, some other variables regarding the main aspects of the firm’s general situation are investigated (production capacity, numbers of worked hours, new orders, stocks of commodities and unfinished products, export order books, the factors limiting the production, months of production secured and capacity utilization), along with some information about the firm’s competitive position. The reporting unit and the sample unit is the firm. The target universe is made up by the Italian firms with five or more employees, classified in Section C of the NACE rev.2 classification. The survey is monthly. ISTAT manages the data collection by CATI (Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing). The sample is represented by a panel of about 4000 firms. The sample design is stratified by economic sectors (identified by the divisions of section C in NACE rev.2), geographic partitions and firm sizes (in terms of employees). The sampling frame is extracted by the official ASIA archive (the statistical archive of active enterprises elaborated by ISTAT). The confidence climate is built as an arithmetic average of the balances on the assessments on the order books and the stocks of finished products (with a negative sign) and the expectation on the production over the next 3 months. Monthly, the confidence climate index for the whole manufacturing sector, the four geographical areas (North-west, North-east, Centre, South and Islands) and for the main industrial groupings (MIGs, Consumer Goods, Intermediate Goods and Capital Goods) is calculated. All series are seasonally adjusted using the Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: All the series are estimated using the gross value added at factor cost as weight. More specifically, estimates until 2009 are obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2005; starting from 2010 estimates were obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2012. The series under the heading Previous series - climate (2005 = 100), instead, are weighed with similar weights pertaining to the year 2005 for all the period released. At the same time starting from the publication of march 2015, the confidence climate index both for the whole sector, the four geographical areas (North-west, North-east, Centre, South and Islands) and for the main industrial groupings (MIGs, Consumer Goods, Intermediate Goods and Capital Goods) is released with base 2010=100.Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.: The following quarterly series: Export turnover (in %),Assessments on export turnover,Expectations on export turnover,Export/domestic price ratio,Export destination,Major competitors,Factors influencing export are available on March, on June, on September and on December. The following quarterly series: Production capacity – current,Numbers of worked hours,Orders books, past 3 months,Export order books, next 3 months,Factors limiting production,Months of production secured,Capacity utilisation,Stocks of commodities and unfinished products,Competitive position are available on April, on July, on October and on January.: Variables concerning credit: since 2015, October, variables are surveyed quarterly; more specifically they are surveyed in March, June, September and December. Raw series are available starting from 2008, March.From 2016 on, survey results for the 3-digit sectors of the following eight two-digit sectors belonging to section C of the Nace rev.2 classification are no more provided: manufacture of food products, manufacture of textiles; manufacture of chemicals and chemical products; manufacture of fabricated metal products (except machinery and equipment); manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products; manufacture of electrical equipment and of non-electric domestic appliances; manufacture of other transport equipment; other manufacturing.

Data source(s) used: Business confidence survey in Services: Services survey is carried out within the joint harmonized EU (European Union) project (EC -European Commission- Decision C (97) 2241 of 15 July 1997 and EC ommunication COM (2006) 379 of 12 July 2006). The survey provides information about managers' assessments and expectations of the main economic variables in their company (level of order books, business situation, turnover etc.).The survey is carried out on a monthly basis and addressed to a panel of 2.000 firms (cut off 3 employees). The survey sample design is stratified by economic sectors (identified by NACE rev.2 divisions), geographic partitions and firm sizes (in terms of employees). Furthemore, the Neyman optimum allocation method to strata is applied for determining the strata size. The sampling frame is ASIA archive (Statical Archive of active firms). The services confidence indicator, according to the EU methodology, is calculated as the simple arithmetric average of the balances of answers to the questions on assessments and expectations of demand and to the question on the assessments on the business situation. All series are seasonally adjusted using the Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: Following to the availability of the data of the NACE rev.2 divisions 75 and from 90 to 96 (apart from the one 94), the revision of all series of the services confidence climate survey was effectuated. Since June 2013, in fact, the above mentioned data were included into all the aggregates. Moreover, for a few series, a further revision also for previous periods to June 2013 was carried out. More specifically, in occasion of April 2017 release (reference month data: April 2017), all monthly series as well as all the quarterly ones concerning to the credit section were revised as from January 2012; with reference to the quarterly series capacity utilization, the revision of the entire series was effectuated from the first quarter of 2010.The previous series (2005=100) were not revised.All the series are estimated using the gross value added at factor cost as weight. More specifically, estimates until 2009 are obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2005; starting from 2010 estimates were obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2012. The series under the heading Previous series - climate (2005 = 100), instead, are weighed with similar weights pertaining to the year 2005 for all the period released.Starting from the publication of May 2017, the definition of the confidence climate in the service sector changes. More specifically, balance series concerning the expectations on the general economy was replaced by the one pertaining to the assessments on the general business situation; doing so the confidence climate is coherent with the one calculated by the European Commission. Therefore, starting from May 2017, confidence climate is built as average of balances concerning assessments and expectations on orders and balance of the assessments on the general business situation. Confidence climate index is released with basis 2010=100 and the new series has been calculated again since march 2005. Confidence index with basis 2005=100 (previous series) has not been calculated on the basis of the new definition.Moreover, at the same time the publication of May 2017, all the balance and frequency replies series have been revised from January 2003 to december 2009.Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.: Variables concerning credit:since 2015, October, variables are surveyed quarterly; more specifically they are surveyed in March, June, September and December. Raw series are available starting from 2008.

Data source(s) used: Business Confidence Survey in Retail Trade: The Business Confidence Survey in Retail Trade falls within the goal of a wide range of cyclical surveys harmonised at European level and for which ISTAT has been the Italian partner since January 2011. The survey aims to gather and to timely disseminate the opinions (assessments and expectations over the next 3 months) of the sector operators on cyclical trends in the main economic variables in the retail trade. The principal phenomena recorded on a monthly basis concern, in particular, assessments on the current business situation, level of stocks, suppliers’ prices as well as expectations (over three successive months) regarding the volume of orders, the workforce, selling prices and sale volumes. The enterprise is the reporting unit and the analysis unit. The target universe is composed of all the enterprises classified in the division 45 (all groups) and the division 47 (only groups from 47.1 to 47.7, inclusive) of the statistical classification of economic activities EC-NACE Rev. 2. The sample design is a random sample with a panel stratified by class of employees, geographic division and main kind of economic activity. The sampling frame is based on ASIA archive (statistical archive of active firms). The survey is addressed to a panel of 1000 firms. In line with the methodology adopted at EU level, on a monthly basis, the indicators of the business climate in the sector will be processed considering this element both as a whole and broken down into the two categories of traditional and large-scale retailing. In particular, the indicators are defined as the arithmetical average of the balances (seasonally adjusted) pertaining to the questions on both the present and future business situation and the assessments of stocks (with the mathematical sign inverted). All series are seasonally adjusted using the Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: All the series are estimated using the gross value added at factor cost as weight. More specifically, estimates until 2009 are obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2005; starting from 2010 estimates were obtained using gross value added referring to the year 2012. The series under the heading Previous series - climate (2005 = 100), instead, are weighed with similar weights pertaining to the year 2005 for all the period released. At the same time the publication of march 2015, the confidence climate index both for the whole sector and the two kind of distribution (tradition and large-scale retailing) is released with base 2010=100.Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.: Variables concerning credit:since 2015, October, variables are surveyed quarterly; more specifically they are surveyed in March, June, September and December. Raw series are available starting from 2008, March. The raw series are available for the whole sector and for type of retail distribution from March 2008.

Data source(s) used: Construction cost index for residential buildings: The construction costs index for residential building approximates the monthly evolution of costs of the residential construction sector. Construction cost indices for road stretch: The indices approximates the monthly evolution of construction costs for road stretch

Data source(s) used: Consumer Confidence Survey: Survey on consumer confidence is part of the joint harmonized EU program of business and consumer surveys (European Commission Decision C(97) 2241, 15 July 1997 and Communication of European Commission COM(2006) 379, 12 July 2006 and it is cofinanced by the European Commision. Since 1982 the survey is carried out monthly on a representative sample of the Italian adult population. Information are collected in the first 12 days of the month, using telephone interviews with the CATI (Computer assisted telephone interviewing) technique. Sample size is of about 2000 units, with two stages, in proportion to the universe of the Italian adult population and stratified by geographical area and size of municipality of residence. List used corresponds to telephone subscribers; the reporting unit is the telephone subscriber (unit of first stage, randomly selected within the layer), the sample unit is the consumer (unit of second stage), being an adult belonging to the family identified by the telephone number. The selection technique used is a systematic random in the first stage and a quota sampling in the second stage. The questionnaire for the telephone interview includes structural information as well as other questions, mainly qualitative, on the general economic situation in the country and on the personal situation of the respondent. Opinions are expressed as assessment concerning the recent past (last 12 months) or as expectations about short-term future (next 12 months). In particular this survey includes monthly questions on the following aspects: assessments and expectations on the Italian economic situation; expectations on unemployment; assessment and expectations on household's economic situation; assessment on household's financial situation; assessment and expections about inflation; present opportunity and future possibility of savings; present opportunity and future possibility of durable purchases. On quarterly basis (i.e. in January, April, July and October) information are collected on the intentions to buy a new car within the next 12 months; to purchase or to make extraordinary repairs to the dwelling within the next 12 months. Confidence climate index, defined as aritmetical average of nine balances, is a synthetic indicator of all results and it aims at evaluating level of optimism and pessimism among Italian consumers. It can be broken down in personal and economic climates or, alternatively, in present and future climates. These indicators are expressed as index in base 2010=100. Series are seasonally adjusted using Tramo-Seats method. Other data characteristics: Balances are calculated by considering the frequencies not rounded.

Data source(s) used: Consumer price index for the whole nation: It refers to households consumption within the national territory (both resident and non-resident households) and comprise all purchases of goods and services having an actual market price. It is used to measure inflation in Italy. Other data characteristics: In regard to provincial data, in some months and for some provincial capitals, the index can be not calculated due to the interruption of survey operations or the non abidance of the rules and the quality standards established by IstatSuch situation are marked with flag g

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises: Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2015); in 2015 large enterprises survey includes 1450 enterprises that represent 23,0 per cent of total employees in the register (17,7 per cent in industry and 26,1 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month. Other data characteristics: The data for January 2015 and February 2015 were adjusted in regard to the additional information received after the publication of 2015 April 30.

Data source(s) used: Consumer price index for blue and white-collar worker households: It refers to consumption of households whose reference person is an employee. It is used to updated periodically monetary values. Other data characteristics: In regard to provincial data, in some months and for some provincial capitals, the index can be not calculated due to the interruption of survey operations or the non abidance of the rules and the quality standards established by IstatSuch situation are marked with flag g

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises: Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2015); in 2015 large enterprises survey includes 1450 enterprises that represent 23,0 per cent of total employees in the register (17,7 per cent in industry and 26,1 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month. Other data characteristics: The data for January 2015 and February 2015 were adjusted in regard to the additional information received after the publication of 2015 April 30.

Data source(s) used: Harmonized index of consumer prices at constant tax rates: The HICP-CT provides a measure of the teorical impact of changes of indirect taxes (e.g. VAT and excise duties) on the overall HICP inflation. It follows the same computation principles as the HICP.

Data source(s) used: Harmonized index of consumer prices: Calculated according to the EU regulations in force, it is used for the comparison of inflation between European Member States.

Data source(s) used: Harmonized index of consumer prices: Calculated according to the EU regulations in force, it is used for the comparison of inflation between European Member States.Consumer price index by population subgroups: The Consumer price indices by population subgroups are 'satellite' of the index of consumer prices (HICP): they are calculated using the same information base used for the HICP, the same basket and the same set of elementary indices of price, changing the structure of the weights used for their synthesis. The Consumer price indices by population subgroups have been calculated from January 2005, with reference base 2005=100 consistently with IPCA. In addition to the general index, are elaborated indexes of special aggregates. The dissemination of these indicators further expands the statistical information on the temporal dynamic of consumer prices, allowing an assessment of differential effects of inflation on specific subgroups identified on the basis of the level of total expenditure. Other data characteristics: The consumer price indices by population subgroups are “satellite” indices of the Harmonized index of consumer price (HICP): they are computed starting from the same basic information used for the HICP (i.e. the same basket of products and the same price elementary data) by modifying the system of weights used for their calculation.On 24 September 2012, HICP weight data set has been replaced cause, in the previous one, data were rounded using rounding rules not in keeping with those adopted for consumer price indices dissemination

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises: Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2015); in 2015 large enterprises survey includes 1450 enterprises that represent 23,0 per cent of total employees in the register (17,7 per cent in industry and 26,1 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month. Other data characteristics: The data for January 2015 and February 2015 were adjusted in regard to the additional information received after the publication of 2015 April 30.

Data source(s) used: Dispatch/arrival of goods with EU Countries (Intrastat System)Special trade extra EU import-exportThe English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Survey on import price :The Survey collects mountly prices for goods and raw materials imported from other countries by industrial and commercial enterprises whose seat is in Italy. For more methodological details go to the Siqual system.

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Production index - construction: The field of observation of the estimated index of production in construction (IPC) is all construction activities referred both to new and maintenance activity. The periodicity of the index was quarterly until the third quarter of 2010, after which began disseminating monthly. Due to the difficulty in doing a direct survey on building companies, an indirect methodology is used to calculate the IPC: output changes are calculated on the basis of a production function that combine the production inputs (working hours, intermediate inputs and physical capital). The production function is estimated using elementary enterprise data referred to the year 2005. This indirect approach is also recommended in Eurostat short-term statistics methodological to solve problems arising in measuring the output of the construction sector for the strong prevalence of small and very small building companies.Survey on building workers' welfare funds:Survey on working hours in construction sector. The survey is performed with a monthly frequency, and the data are one of the sources of the process “Index of production in construction”. This index is disseminated with a monthly frequency. The survey data are not released directly.

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on retail sales: The retail trade monthly survey refers to retail trade enterprises. Sales of motor vehicles and fuel and repairs are also excluded.

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on sales and orders:The English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system

Data source(s) used: Production price index for industrial products, Monthly survey on producer prices for industrial products sold on the external market, Monthly survey on producer prices for industrial products sold on the domestic market: the English description of the source is not available at this time, for methodological details go to the Siqual system.

Data source(s) used: : INPSEmployers: Institute amministrative archive of monthly salary statements.Domestic workers: Institute amministrative archive;Agricultural workers: quarterly DMAG models

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Monthly survey on employment, working time, earnings and labour cost in large enterprises: Data are collected monthly on enterprises with more than 500 employees covering sectors from B to S of Nace rev.2. Enterprises have been selected from Istat Business Register (Asia 2015); in 2015 large enterprises survey includes 1450 enterprises that represent 23,0 per cent of total employees in the register (17,7 per cent in industry and 26,1 per cent in services). The survey collects information on the number of employed persons, working hours, labour cost, salary and wages at the end of the month. Other data characteristics: The data for January 2015 and February 2015 were adjusted in regard to the additional information received after the publication of 2015 April 30.

Data source(s) used: External trade of alive animals Monthly data produced by COE with reference to the number of animals and their body weight are elaborated. Also the quantities of meat, traded across the border are processed. The species examined are: bovine, pigs, sheep and goats, poultry and horses. We distinguish intra-EU than with the rest of the world.

Data source(s) used: Livestock statistics on bovine, pigs, sheep and goats The survey on livestock is conducted on a sample survey and produce statistics on the number of bovine animals, pigs, sheep and goats. It has to be produced twice a year: 1° june and 1° december of each year on the basis of the European Regulation (the last one is Reg. (EC) No 1165/2008).

Data source(s) used: Yearly survey on milk and dairy products The survey gathers data on collected milk and its use at a national level (dairy products: drinking milk, cheeses, butter, etc.).Monthly survey on milk and dairy products The monthly survey gathers data on milk quantity collected by farmers-milk producers and its use. The main selected variables are: collected cow’s milk, ewe’s milk, goat’s and buffalo’s milk; drinking milk, cream, fermented milk or yogurt, butter and cheeses, etc. The monthly survey is conducted according to a European directive and provisional data are directly transmitted to Eurostat and disseminated on-line in the agriculture and livestock information System.

Data source(s) used: : INPSInstitute administrative archive

Data source(s) used: Vital statistics on causes of death: The Vital statistics system on causes of death is the main source for the evaluation of the health status of the population, and for the health programs and resources allocation. Data on causes of all deaths occurring in Italy during a calendar year are collected by the death certificates Istat/D.4, e D.4 bis. The physician must fill the health section of the certificate (part A) and the civil status officer of the appurtenant municipality must fill the demographic section of the certificate (part B). Other data characteristics: For details on ICD codes see additional file

Data source(s) used: Labour force survey: from the labour force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labour supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area, hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labour market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals,as well as a far-reaching reorganisation of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd march 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: Labor force survey: from the labor force survey Istat derives its official estimates of the number of employed persons and job-seekers, as well as information about the main labor supply aggregates, such as occupation, economic activity area , hours worked, contract types and duration and training. Istat collects the information each quarter by interviewing a sample of nearly 77,000 households, representing 175,000 individuals who are resident in Italy, even if they are temporarily abroad. Households usually living abroad and permanent members of communities (religious institutes, military barracks, etc.) are not included. The survey has been updated over the years to take into account continual transformations in the labor market on the one hand, and the growing information requirements of users regarding the social and economic reality of our nation, on the other. The most recent change was undertaken at the beginning of in 2004 in line with European Union regulations. The current sample survey is continuous insofar as information is collected during every week of the year and no longer during a single week per quarter. The results are still disseminated on a quarterly basis, except for provincial data which are disseminated annually. A significant feature of the survey is the establishment of new criteria for identifying employed and unemployed individuals, as well as a far-reaching reorganization of the data collection and production process. To make new estimates comparable with estimates referring to previous years, Istat has reconstructed the time series since the fourth quarter of 1992. Data have been updated since 2nd March 2015 due to the statistical back-recalculation of population time series, based on Census results, disseminated the 14th January 2015. Monthly data were recalculated from January 2004 to December 2014; quarterly data from second quarter 2002 to third quarter 2014; annual data from year 2002 to 2013.

Data source(s) used: INPSINPS' administrative archives: The compensation wage fund was established by Legislative Decree n. 788/1945, and is a financial benefit provided by INPS with the function to replace or supplement the pay of workers suspended or with reduced working hours when there are events specified by law (the lack of jobs, the bad weather, restructuring, reorganization and corporate restructuring). Depending on the nature of the event there are three types of intervention: Ordinary, Extraordinary and Deroga.

Data source(s) used: Gross contractual wages, length of work contract and yearly wages and salaries on an accrual basis: Statistics from this survey are based on concept of labour price. For each nation-wide collective agreement, the number of employees and their composition by specific wage level (combined with indications for seniority, skill, estimation about shift work) are fixed at a base year and remain constant until the renewal of base has been done. Employees exclude apprentices and managers. The base used now is December 2010=100 Moreover, these indicators are not influenced by changes due to overtime, worked hours or not worked for strikes or worker's illness. Istat produces two type of statistics on wages according to collective agreements: monthly index (IRC) and annual figures (RCA). Both indicators include basic pay, seniority and shift work allowance, all bonuses specified in national agreements and payable to all workers as well as those paid periodically (e.g. the 13th month). Bonuses related to individual performance or individual working conditions, supplementary payment agreed at the company or local level are not included. Monthly index excludes also bonuses-arrears and una tantum paid in late, but these two items are included in the annual wage figures (retribuzione annua di competenza o di cassa). Wages include tax and social security contributions paid by employees. The monthly index is calculated dividing by 12 the annual figures for each group of qualifications in the collective agreement. It shows the evolution of full-time employees' wages according to collective agreement and to law in force. General index is calculated each month as the average of the increase sets in each collective agreement signed in the national territory. The figures are derived from a selection of the most relevant nation-wide collective bargaining agreements on wages between labour unions and employers' associations. Every month the press release "Contratti collettivi e retribuzioni contrattuali" publishes two wage indices in national labour agreements: per capita and per hour. Per capita index measures the change in the collectively agreed annual wages compared to the base year. Hourly index measures the change of the wages per unit of time (annual earnings divided by the total number of working hours in the year). Annual figures are in terms of accrual or cash values. The first one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di competenza) is the annual wage amount that employees would earn each year if the National Collective Agreement came in force on time. This remuneration assigns backdated una tantum and arrears payments to the theoretical relative month. The second one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di cassa) is the sum of wages that employees have actually received every month. Accrual values are revised if the renewed collective agreement settles the payment of una tantum and/or arrears for the period in which the collective agreement is expired and the new isn't still signed.

Statistics from this survey refer to a concept of labour price. For each nation-wide collective agreement, the number of employees and their composition by specific wage level (combined with indications for seniority, skill, estimation about shift work) are fixed at a base year and remain constant until the renewal of base has been done. Employees exclude apprentices and managers. The base used now is December 2015=100 Moreover, these indicators are not influenced by changes due to overtime, worked hours or not worked for strikes or worker's illness. Istat produces two type of statistics on wages according to collective agreements: monthly index (IRC) and annual figures (RCA). Both indicators include basic pay, seniority and shift work allowance, all bonuses specified in national agreements and payable to all workers as well as those paid periodically (e.g. the 13th month). Bonuses related to individual performance or individual working conditions, supplementary payment agreed at the company or local level are not included. Monthly index excludes also bonuses-arrears and una tantum paid in late, but these two items are included in the annual wage figures (retribuzione annua di competenza o di cassa). Wages include tax and social security contributions paid by employees. The monthly index is calculated dividing by 12 the annual figures for each group of qualifications in the collective agreement. It shows the evolution of full-time employees' wages according to collective agreement and to law in force. General index is calculated each month as the average of the increase sets in each collective agreement signed in the national territory. The figures are derived from a selection of the most relevant nation-wide collective bargaining agreements on wages between labour unions and employers' associations. Every month the press release "Contratti collettivi e retribuzioni contrattuali" publishes two wage indices in national labour agreements: per capita and per hour. Per capita index measures the change in the collectively agreed annual wages compared to the base year. Hourly index measures the change of the wages per unit of time (annual earnings divided by the total number of working hours in the year). Annual figures are in terms of accrual or cash values. The first one (retribuzione contrattuale annua di competenza) is the annual wage amount that employees would earn each year if the National Collective Agreement came in force on time. This remuneration assigns backdated una tantum and arrears payments to the theoretical relative month.

Data source(s) used: INPS Disease sick pay paid by INPS is a benefit granted to employees (excluding servants, employees of industry , managers and doormen) and quasi-employees when there is a morbid event (disease) that causes the inability to work. The statistics were produced using data relating to the electronic transmission of medical certificates of the disease, by family doctors, for employees in the private sector and public administration in operation since 1 January 2011. Certificates of disease are treated by date of onset of the disease in order to treat the problem not only with reference to the flow of the certificates , but also with respect to disease events and their overall duration , even if referring to more than one certificate. The statistical unit is represented by a medical certificate of illness transmitted for each event that occurred during the observation of the event or illness that occurred during the observation or the employee with at least one event of illness occurred during the observation.