Gross value added is the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to GDP made by an individual producer, industry or sector; gross value added is the source from which the primary incomes of the SNA are generated and is therefore carried forward into the primary distribution of income account.
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Malaysia | 7.2 | 7.8 | 4.8 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 4.5 | -5.5 | 3.1 | 8.7 |
Solomon Islands | 5.6 | -13.7 | 6.5 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 1.8 | 5.4 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 5.7 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 1.6 | -3.3 | 2.2 | 1.4 |
Dominican Republic | -5.5 | 3.8 | 6.4 | 8.3 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 5.1 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 4.5 | 6.1 | 4.8 | -6.3 | 11.5 | 4.7 |
Hungary | -1.3 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 1.3 | 2.0 | -1.2 | 2.4 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 5.6 | 4.7 | -4.8 | 7.5 | 4.9 |
Uganda | 5.5 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 21.4 | 4.2 | 3.3 | -0.7 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 0.7 | 6.8 | 5.9 | 7.7 | -1.0 | 5.5 | 6.3 |
Brazil | -3.0 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 7.8 | 3.7 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 0.5 | -3.2 | -2.9 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 1.0 | -3.2 | 4.5 | 3.0 |
Greece | 0.0 | 3.6 | 1.3 | -6.2 | -9.2 | -5.8 | -2.4 | -0.3 | -0.2 | -0.8 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.5 | -9.4 | 7.7 | 4.7 |
Panama | 8.7 | 3.6 | 6.8 | 5.7 | 11.9 | 10.0 | 7.0 | 5.3 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 4.3 | 3.5 | -17.2 | 15.7 | 11.7 |
France | 3.0 | 3.9 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.9 | -7.5 | 6.1 | 2.7 |
India | 5.6 | 3.3 | 8.3 | 8.0 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 7.2 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 3.9 | -4.2 | 8.8 | 7.0 |
Belize | 5.2 | 13.1 | 3.3 | 0.1 | -1.1 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 1.9 | -0.2 | -0.8 | 0.8 | 4.2 | -12.8 | 17.2 | 6.3 |
Canada | 0.6 | 5.0 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.0 | -5.1 | 5.0 | 3.6 |
Senegal | 3.1 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 4.7 | 2.7 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 1.9 | 6.3 | 3.5 |
Togo | -0.1 | -1.0 | 6.8 | 5.8 | 7.1 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 6.5 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 1.7 | 5.3 | 6.2 |
Trinidad and Tobago | -0.2 | 7.0 | 8.4 | 4.0 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 3.4 | 4.3 | -1.9 | -6.8 | -4.4 | -1.1 | 0.8 | -9.8 | -1.8 | 4.0 |
Samoa | -4.4 | 6.3 | 4.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | -3.8 | -5.5 | 3.3 | 7.0 | 3.8 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 2.7 | -7.6 | -11.6 | -1.3 |
Sierra Leone | 6.1 | 1.7 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 15.6 | 21.2 | 4.7 | -21.2 | 6.4 | 3.8 | 3.4 | 5.2 | -1.9 | 4.0 | 3.8 |
Botswana | 5.2 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 10.5 | 7.6 | -0.2 | 11.3 | 5.5 | -5.2 | 7.3 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 3.2 | -9.1 | 12.0 | 5.8 |
Singapore | 10.0 | 9.0 | 7.5 | 15.0 | 6.7 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 1.2 | -3.2 | 8.7 | 4.2 |
Suriname | -3.3 | 3.7 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 2.8 | -1.6 | -4.9 | 1.6 | 4.9 | 1.2 | -16.0 | -2.4 | 2.4 |
Cameroon | -3.3 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 2.8 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 3.7 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 6.6 | 3.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 | -0.9 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 4.6 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 2.8 | -2.7 | 7.0 | 4.0 | |
Paraguay | 2.6 | -2.5 | 2.9 | 10.1 | 4.2 | -0.8 | 8.5 | 4.8 | 3.1 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 3.2 | -0.2 | -0.5 | 3.6 | 0.0 |
Malta | 6.2 | 11.9 | 2.5 | 6.0 | -0.6 | 4.9 | 6.6 | 8.1 | 10.9 | 3.3 | 10.9 | 7.3 | 8.2 | -6.9 | 12.6 | 8.6 |
Uruguay | 0.0 | -1.9 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 5.4 | 3.8 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.9 | -6.5 | 5.3 | 4.7 |
Turkmenistan | 5.5 | 18.0 | 16.4 | 12.7 | 6.1 | -0.3 | 3.8 | 3.0 | -1.0 | -1.4 | 3.2 | -1.6 | -4.8 | 5.4 | 1.8 | |
Bhutan | 10.7 | 14.6 | 4.4 | 10.6 | 11.4 | 0.0 | 2.8 | 5.3 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 6.4 | 2.8 | 7.1 | -8.5 | 4.5 | 5.3 |
इस्वातिनी | 6.8 | -0.3 | 6.1 | 3.3 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 1.1 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.8 | -1.4 | 7.9 | 3.0 |
Puerto Rico | 1.5 | 3.2 | -0.5 | 0.3 | -1.6 | 0.0 | -0.7 | -0.2 | -1.5 | -0.6 | -4.1 | -4.2 | 0.4 | -3.2 | 0.2 | 4.0 |
China | 4.2 | 8.1 | 11.2 | 10.2 | 9.4 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 2.2 | 8.4 | 3.0 |
Liberia | -51.3 | 28.2 | -12.1 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 11.1 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 0.4 | -14.4 | 0.4 | -0.2 | -1.7 | 1.5 | 0.0 | -0.1 |
Japan | 5.5 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 3.8 | -0.3 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 0.6 | -0.6 | -4.8 | 3.1 | 0.0 |
New Zealand | -0.1 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 2.8 | -0.2 | 4.7 | 3.0 |
Zimbabwe | 8.7 | -7.1 | -6.8 | 22.6 | 14.5 | 15.2 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 1.0 | 2.1 | 4.8 | 4.1 | -5.4 | -8.1 | 8.5 | 5.2 |
Netherlands | 3.6 | 3.9 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.9 | -0.8 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.0 | -4.1 | 6.6 | 4.8 |
Lao People’s Democratic Republic | 7.8 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 10.1 | 9.0 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
Sao Tome and Principe | 1.0 | 3.1 | 6.9 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 4.3 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 2.8 |
Ethiopia | 4.4 | 12.5 | 9.9 | 12.7 | 9.1 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 12.5 | 8.0 | 10.3 | 7.8 | 9.0 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | |
Benin | 14.3 | 9.3 | 4.2 | 1.6 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 7.6 | 5.7 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 4.0 | 6.6 | 6.0 |
Sri Lanka | 5.6 | 1.4 | 6.2 | 7.3 | 10.4 | 9.4 | 3.9 | 6.3 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 6.3 | 2.6 | 0.4 | -2.9 | 4.0 | -6.7 |
Tunisia | 1.1 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 3.5 | -1.2 | 4.7 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 1.6 | -8.6 | 4.4 | 2.7 |
Israel | 4.2 | 8.7 | 4.2 | 7.0 | 5.5 | 2.4 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 4.0 | -1.7 | 8.4 | 6.0 |
हांगकांग | 5.8 | 7.0 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 5.3 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 3.0 | -1.1 | -8.7 | 5.7 | -2.7 |
Burkina Faso | 0.6 | -2.8 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 7.0 | 2.1 | 5.8 | 4.6 | 7.1 | 4.7 | 3.2 | 6.4 | 1.8 |
Republic of Korea | 9.6 | 8.9 | 4.3 | 6.7 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.4 | -0.9 | 4.3 | 3.1 |
Guyana | 1.0 | 0.6 | 5.6 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 3.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 47.6 | 20.0 | 64.4 |
Eritrea | 1.6 | 3.0 | 9.5 | 26.1 | 3.0 | -11.8 | 34.4 | -18.4 | 9.3 | -11.9 | 13.9 | 4.0 | -0.9 | 3.1 | 2.6 | |
Lithuania | 3.7 | 7.7 | 1.7 | 6.0 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 0.0 | 6.3 | 2.4 | |
Mauritania | -1.7 | -8.0 | 7.0 | 1.4 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 5.6 | 0.9 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.9 | -0.2 | 2.6 | 5.7 |
Austria | 4.8 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 1.4 | -6.5 | 3.5 | 5.2 |
Sudan | 8.6 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 2.8 | 1.3 | -3.6 | -1.9 | 0.6 | |||
Mongolia | -5.1 | -0.7 | 5.0 | 3.3 | 10.7 | 13.0 | 10.9 | 9.2 | 3.5 | 1.4 | 4.0 | 6.4 | 5.1 | -3.9 | 0.4 | 4.2 |
Tuvalu | 16.7 | 14.3 | -5.4 | -2.1 | 7.7 | -3.9 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 10.4 | 6.5 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 12.2 | -4.8 | 2.2 | 3.1 |
Myanmar | 2.4 | 14.0 | 13.8 | 10.2 | 5.6 | 7.3 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 4.9 | -1.4 | 0.9 | 3.6 |
Slovenia | 3.7 | 3.6 | 1.4 | 0.6 | -2.3 | -0.7 | 3.3 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 5.0 | 4.4 | 4.0 | -3.3 | 7.5 | 2.4 | |
Portugal | 6.4 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 1.6 | -1.0 | -3.3 | -0.6 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 5.3 | 2.7 | 2.4 | -8.3 | 5.7 | 6.8 |
Estonia | 8.1 | 9.7 | 2.9 | 6.9 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 6.8 | 4.2 | 3.6 | -0.6 | 6.8 | 0.4 | |
Ireland | 9.6 | 8.2 | 6.1 | 1.8 | 1.6 | -2.4 | 1.3 | 7.7 | 23.9 | 1.3 | 6.9 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 8.0 | 14.7 | 10.7 |
Guinea | 4.8 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 9.5 | 13.0 | 7.5 | 6.3 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 4.7 |
El Salvador | 2.9 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 1.6 | 8.6 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.6 | -7.9 | 10.2 | 3.1 |
Belarus | 6.2 | 8.3 | 8.7 | 7.3 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 2.0 | -3.9 | -2.6 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 1.6 | -0.5 | 2.4 | -4.9 | |
Thailand | 11.8 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 7.4 | 0.8 | 7.2 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 2.1 | -6.1 | 1.5 | 2.6 |
Bangladesh | 6.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 9.4 | 6.5 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 3.8 | 7.0 | 7.2 |
Micronesia (Federated States of) | 4.0 | 4.2 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 3.9 | -1.5 | -3.7 | -1.5 | 4.3 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 2.3 | -2.1 | -3.6 | -0.8 |
Angola | -0.2 | 2.0 | 14.8 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 3.9 | -1.3 | -1.5 | -3.5 | -1.9 | -5.1 | -0.5 | 2.4 |
Liechtenstein | -2.5 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 1.0 | -0.7 | -0.3 | 3.4 |
Gambia | 2.3 | 5.6 | -2.4 | 5.9 | -8.4 | 5.2 | 2.7 | -1.5 | 4.0 | 1.9 | 4.8 | 7.2 | 6.3 | 0.6 | 5.2 | 4.8 |
Fiji | 4.9 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 3.7 | 0.4 | 4.4 | 2.7 | 0.3 | -13.5 | -3.4 | 15.7 |
Congo | -5.4 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 10.0 | 3.2 | 11.4 | 1.1 | 6.9 | -4.4 | -14.5 | 3.8 | -4.2 | 1.9 | -5.5 | 0.8 | -0.7 |
Latvia | 5.5 | 10.9 | -5.1 | 2.1 | 6.6 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 0.5 | -3.5 | 7.0 | 3.1 | |
Bahamas | -1.4 | 1.9 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 0.8 | 2.4 | -1.9 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 2.0 | -0.6 | 1.8 | 1.2 | -18.6 | 8.1 | 9.3 |
फिलिस्तीन | 18.8 | -7.1 | 10.3 | 7.2 | 13.1 | 6.4 | 5.2 | -2.3 | 2.0 | 9.2 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 1.3 | -12.0 | 6.2 | 1.3 |
Philippines | 3.1 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 7.3 | 3.9 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.1 | -9.5 | 5.7 | 7.6 |
Australia | 0.2 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 2.4 | -0.1 | 1.9 | 4.2 | 3.4 |
Poland | -18.0 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 5.0 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 5.0 | 5.9 | 4.3 | -2.0 | 6.6 | 5.5 |
Rwanda | -2.1 | 8.1 | 2.8 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 9.4 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 8.4 | 6.1 | 4.6 | 8.5 | 8.9 | -3.5 | 10.6 | 7.8 |
Morocco | 5.0 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 5.7 | 8.7 | 5.1 | 6.0 | 4.5 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 6.5 | 3.3 | 3.8 | -6.4 | 8.2 | 3.4 |
Luxembourg | 5.7 | 6.1 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 3.1 | -1.1 | 7.5 | 1.1 |
Qatar | 3.9 | 8.0 | 7.1 | 17.7 | 13.5 | 4.7 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.0 | 3.3 | -1.0 | 1.2 | 0.4 | -3.0 | 1.8 | 4.3 |
Iceland | 0.8 | 5.3 | 4.7 | -2.9 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 1.9 | -6.7 | 4.4 | 6.3 |
Honduras | -0.9 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 3.1 | -7.4 | 11.7 | 5.2 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 5.7 | 15.8 | 9.2 | -0.1 | -1.1 | -1.8 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 2.1 | 3.6 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 4.7 | -13.2 | -0.1 | 9.1 |
San Marino | 2.0 | 3.1 | 0.6 | -4.6 | -8.4 | -5.6 | 0.0 | -0.8 | -7.1 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 2.4 | -6.0 | 8.0 | 1.2 |
Sweden | 1.2 | 5.4 | 2.7 | 6.1 | 3.6 | -0.5 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 4.4 | 1.7 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.1 | -2.6 | 6.5 | 2.8 |
Armenia | 5.8 | 14.2 | 1.2 | 5.4 | 7.1 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 0.8 | 7.2 | 5.0 | 7.6 | -6.3 | 5.1 | 13.0 | |
Denmark | 1.5 | 4.7 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 1.7 | 1.5 | -2.8 | 6.9 | 3.6 |
Bulgaria | -7.4 | 3.9 | 6.5 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 0.3 | -1.6 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.7 | -4.0 | 8.0 | 5.3 |
Nigeria | 11.8 | 5.0 | 6.4 | 9.1 | 5.3 | 4.2 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 2.8 | -1.6 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 2.3 | -1.9 | 3.4 | 3.1 |
Syrian Arab Republic | 0.4 | 0.7 | 6.2 | 5.2 | 2.9 | -26.3 | -26.3 | -10.3 | -4.2 | -6.4 | -0.7 | 1.4 | 1.2 | -0.2 | 1.3 | 0.6 |
Kazakhstan | 9.3 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 3.9 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 6.9 | 4.1 | 4.6 | -2.3 | 4.1 | 2.9 | |
Ukraine | 13.0 | -0.1 | -0.3 | 5.1 | 0.4 | -0.1 | -6.7 | -8.7 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 3.7 | -3.4 | 4.3 | -27.8 | |
Djibouti | -2.8 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 12.2 | 14.0 | 15.9 | 14.4 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 4.8 | 3.9 |
Yemen | 36.4 | 9.5 | 3.6 | 4.1 | -15.2 | -1.2 | 5.2 | -11.3 | -36.0 | -15.5 | -10.4 | -0.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
Costa Rica | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 2.6 | -3.7 | 7.3 | 4.1 |
United Republic of Tanzania | 5.6 | 4.9 | 7.4 | 6.6 | 7.7 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 7.7 | 6.9 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 4.8 |
Ecuador | 2.5 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 3.7 | 7.7 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 4.2 | 0.8 | -0.9 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.3 | -7.4 | 3.8 | 2.8 |
Lebanon | 25.9 | 0.4 | 3.2 | 8.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.2 | -1.7 | -6.5 | -23.2 | -5.3 | -7.5 |
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 5.9 | 3.6 | 10.5 | -1.7 | 4.4 | 6.8 | 2.8 | -2.5 | -6.4 | -18.1 | -17.1 | -20.7 | -27.7 | -15.6 | -17.0 | -17.1 |
Turkey | 6.6 | 6.6 | 8.1 | 7.1 | 11.4 | 5.2 | 8.0 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 3.4 | 7.9 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 12.7 | 6.2 |
Bolivia | 4.7 | 2.2 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 2.6 | -8.0 | 5.9 | 3.7 |
Andorra | 3.9 | 7.5 | 5.2 | -2.7 | -0.9 | -6.3 | -2.8 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 3.2 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 2.6 | -8.0 | 7.4 | 6.7 |
Mauritius | 7.3 | 9.3 | 2.8 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.0 | -14.4 | 4.0 | 9.7 |
Uzbekistan | 3.0 | 5.4 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 5.9 | 7.5 | 6.3 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 7.3 | 3.6 | 7.3 | 6.2 | |
Mexico | 5.1 | 5.1 | 2.0 | 5.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 0.9 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.9 | -0.3 | -8.3 | 5.5 | 3.8 |
Viet Nam | 6.5 | 6.3 | 7.2 | -0.6 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 8.3 |
Egypt | 5.1 | 5.7 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 2.5 | 3.9 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 6.2 |
Chad | 2.3 | 0.2 | 17.3 | 7.8 | 2.1 | 12.4 | -7.9 | 1.7 | 7.1 | 10.8 | 13.9 | 6.0 | 3.3 | -1.6 | -1.2 | 2.2 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 2.9 | 1.4 | 9.4 | -9.3 | -2.1 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 5.6 | 3.5 | 7.3 | 5.4 | -18.0 | 6.3 | 8.6 |
Timor-Leste | 14.1 | 3.0 | 8.5 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 2.6 | 5.6 | 4.7 | -3.8 | 0.3 | 22.4 | 31.7 | 5.9 | -20.6 | |
United Kingdom | 1.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 3.0 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 1.7 | -10.0 | 8.4 | 4.1 |
मकाउ | 6.2 | 8.8 | 13.5 | 14.5 | 16.6 | 9.1 | 12.2 | 0.6 | -13.6 | -0.3 | 5.2 | 4.4 | -1.9 | -44.1 | 22.0 | -12.5 |
Saint Lucia | 8.8 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 0.2 | 2.1 | 1.0 | -1.1 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 0.5 | -25.7 | 10.4 | 14.5 |
Maldives | 16.2 | 3.8 | -8.8 | 5.7 | 6.8 | 2.4 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 5.4 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 8.8 | 7.5 | -30.1 | 33.8 | 15.0 |
Brunei Darussalam | 2.9 | 4.1 | -0.7 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 0.9 | -2.1 | -2.5 | -0.4 | -2.5 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 3.9 | 1.1 | -1.6 | -1.6 |
Algeria | 0.9 | 3.6 | 5.6 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.4 | -4.0 | 3.9 | 0.7 |
Democratic People's Republic of Korea | -3.9 | 1.4 | 3.7 | -0.5 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | -1.2 | 3.9 | -3.5 | -4.1 | 0.3 | -4.7 | 0.0 | -0.1 |
Tonga | -2.4 | 3.0 | -1.3 | 2.1 | 6.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 5.2 | 2.4 | -0.8 | 2.0 | -0.1 | -4.5 | -0.5 |
Croatia | 2.3 | 4.2 | -1.7 | 0.3 | -3.4 | -0.7 | -0.4 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 3.6 | -7.5 | 12.2 | 7.9 | |
Georgia | 1.9 | 9.0 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 6.2 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.1 | -6.6 | 11.6 | 10.0 | |
Ghana | 4.2 | 3.7 | 6.3 | 7.9 | 17.8 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 8.3 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 0.8 | 5.4 | 3.6 |
Guatemala | 2.3 | 1.9 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.8 | -1.6 | 7.8 | 4.4 |
Azerbaijan | 8.0 | 20.1 | 4.8 | -0.5 | 1.9 | 5.6 | 2.6 | 0.9 | -3.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 2.4 | -4.3 | 5.3 | 4.3 | |
Kyrgyzstan | 8.3 | -1.1 | -0.1 | 6.2 | 0.1 | 10.4 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 4.7 | -7.9 | 4.4 | -2.0 | |
Monaco | 2.9 | 3.9 | 1.6 | -0.1 | 6.7 | -0.3 | 9.3 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 3.1 | -2.7 | 5.4 | 7.6 | -9.1 | 15.4 | 11.1 |
Afghanistan | -3.1 | -3.9 | 9.1 | 5.3 | 9.4 | 8.5 | 8.0 | 7.8 | -1.0 | -11.1 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 11.2 | -1.9 | -20.9 | -6.4 |
Indonesia | 9.0 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 6.9 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 5.0 | -1.6 | 3.3 | 4.9 |
Marshall Islands | 3.6 | 4.4 | 0.1 | 4.5 | -0.6 | -0.3 | 3.4 | -0.7 | 2.8 | 1.5 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 10.3 | -1.2 | 1.1 | 3.7 |
Germany | 5.0 | 3.2 | 0.7 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | -4.0 | 3.3 | 1.7 |
Vanuatu | 4.1 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 0.5 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 1.3 | 4.4 | -4.8 | 1.4 | 1.0 |
Russian Federation | 7.8 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 1.7 | 1.1 | -1.5 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.2 | -2.2 | 6.1 | -1.3 | |
Kiribati | -2.2 | -0.7 | 2.9 | -0.3 | 1.9 | 4.6 | 3.5 | 0.3 | 7.2 | 5.6 | 3.8 | -0.9 | 1.8 | -1.0 | 3.3 | 1.4 |
Republic of Moldova | -6.1 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 4.8 | -0.3 | 8.0 | 5.1 | -0.5 | 4.6 | 3.2 | 4.7 | 2.1 | -8.1 | 17.2 | -5.7 | |
Gabon | 9.2 | -6.0 | -0.6 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 4.2 | -2.2 | 3.0 | 3.1 |
South Sudan | -0.6 | 2.5 | -51.6 | 29.9 | 28.2 | 6.7 | -6.6 | -3.5 | 3.8 | 11.4 | -3.4 | -2.5 | 0.5 | |||
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 4.3 | 3.9 | 2.9 | -3.8 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 2.9 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 1.6 | 3.4 | 0.6 | -4.4 | -1.7 | 6.3 |
Slovakia | 1.0 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 4.9 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 3.9 | 2.1 | -3.2 | 4.1 | 1.6 | |
Colombia | 2.7 | 1.8 | 5.7 | 4.0 | 6.3 | 3.8 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 3.2 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 3.1 | -7.4 | 10.6 | 6.9 |
Iran | 12.6 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 4.1 | -4.3 | -1.6 | 3.5 | -1.8 | 8.7 | 2.3 | -3.0 | -2.9 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 2.7 |
Kenya | 4.4 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 8.3 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 3.3 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 0.4 | 7.1 | 4.5 |
Saudi Arabia | 15.3 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 11.0 | 5.3 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | -4.5 | 3.5 | 8.9 |
Burundi | 7.3 | -2.9 | -10.6 | 4.4 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 0.3 | 3.1 | 1.8 |
Switzerland | 3.5 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 3.0 | 1.2 | -2.0 | 5.4 | 2.5 |
South Africa | -1.1 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 0.2 | -5.5 | 4.4 | 1.9 |
Nicaragua | -0.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 4.7 | 5.0 | -0.8 | 10.1 | 4.9 | -2.9 | -3.4 | -1.8 | 10.0 | 3.4 |
Dominica | 6.4 | 3.8 | -0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | -0.6 | -0.2 | 4.0 | -2.0 | 2.8 | -6.4 | -2.6 | 8.1 | -13.8 | 6.8 | 5.7 |
Albania | -16.5 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 2.4 | -2.9 | 8.2 | 5.3 |
Niger | -2.4 | 1.4 | 6.7 | 9.0 | 2.8 | 15.0 | 4.3 | 7.2 | 4.1 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 4.2 | 1.0 | 4.5 |
Cambodia | -0.6 | 9.3 | 13.8 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 6.6 | -3.1 | 2.9 | 5.3 |
Libya | 3.8 | 0.6 | 10.5 | 4.9 | -46.5 | 83.1 | -16.8 | -22.2 | -4.1 | -2.7 | 28.1 | 8.1 | -11.8 | -29.2 | 28.2 | -18.6 |
Romania | -8.1 | 3.9 | 4.9 | -5.4 | 4.0 | 5.0 | -1.3 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 8.2 | 5.6 | 3.5 | -4.1 | 5.3 | 4.9 |
Jamaica | 5.2 | 0.6 | 0.9 | -2.0 | 1.2 | -0.6 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 1.1 | -9.4 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
Barbados | -3.2 | 1.9 | 3.9 | -2.4 | -1.0 | -0.3 | -1.6 | -0.1 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 0.6 | -0.8 | 0.2 | -12.5 | -1.0 | 11.3 |
Norway | 1.9 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 1.2 | -1.2 | 3.9 | 3.6 |
Kuwait | -26.1 | 13.2 | 11.3 | 3.8 | 9.7 | 7.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | -0.7 | 2.8 | -3.6 | 2.6 | -0.3 | -8.5 | -1.5 | -2.3 |
Papua New Guinea | -4.5 | -8.9 | 4.4 | 10.3 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 11.9 | 7.5 | 6.3 | 2.9 | -0.5 | 4.5 | -2.9 | -1.0 | 5.8 |
Somalia | 1.9 | 9.1 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 4.1 | -2.7 | 15.9 | 23.7 | 16.7 | 9.5 | 3.0 | 3.6 | -2.6 | 3.3 | 2.4 |
Guinea Bissau | 2.9 | -0.4 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 8.7 | -1.4 | 3.4 | 0.8 | 4.9 | 5.9 | 5.0 | 3.4 | 4.5 | -2.4 | 1.8 | 1.3 |
Czech Republic | 4.3 | 6.8 | 3.0 | 1.8 | -0.8 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 2.5 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 3.0 | -5.3 | 3.4 | 2.3 | |
Serbia | 6.8 | 7.0 | 0.9 | 2.0 | -0.5 | 3.4 | -1.8 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 2.1 | 4.3 | 4.3 | -0.7 | 7.4 | -6.2 | |
Equatorial Guinea | -0.8 | 15.9 | 9.6 | -8.9 | 6.9 | 8.4 | -4.4 | 0.1 | -9.3 | -8.8 | -5.6 | -6.2 | -5.7 | -4.2 | -0.6 | 2.7 |
Mali | 0.9 | 3.6 | 10.3 | 13.6 | 6.8 | 13.6 | 5.9 | 8.8 | 7.3 | 8.8 | 5.2 | 7.5 | 6.2 | 0.9 | 3.5 | 7.7 |
Argentina | -1.4 | -0.7 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 5.4 | -1.4 | 2.2 | -1.8 | 2.7 | -2.2 | 2.6 | -2.7 | -1.6 | -9.9 | 10.4 | 4.9 |
Malawi | 5.7 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 7.0 | 9.3 | 6.9 | 10.8 | 11.1 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 10.7 | 4.0 | 6.3 | 1.4 | 3.8 | 1.1 |
Oman | 8.0 | 6.1 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 8.8 | 5.2 | 1.6 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 0.3 | 1.0 | -1.0 | -3.8 | 3.0 | -0.1 |
North Macedonia | 0.1 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 1.9 | -0.7 | 3.9 | 5.0 | 4.4 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 2.9 | 3.8 | -4.3 | 4.7 | 2.6 | |
Mozambique | 2.5 | -0.5 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 6.5 | 7.9 | 4.6 | 8.2 | 7.6 | 4.7 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 1.8 | -1.8 | 2.4 | 4.5 |
Peru | -5.0 | 2.7 | 6.1 | 7.7 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 2.2 | -10.8 | 13.1 | 2.5 |
Italy | 2.1 | 3.6 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 0.7 | -2.7 | -1.6 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.5 | -8.4 | 6.8 | 3.9 |
Côte d'Ivoire | 1.0 | 0.7 | 3.9 | 5.7 | 1.6 | 12.2 | 15.1 | 14.9 | 13.1 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 1.3 | 6.6 | 6.7 |
Palau | 5.4 | -1.5 | -0.2 | 4.9 | 4.3 | -0.1 | -1.2 | 3.6 | 9.9 | 1.1 | -2.7 | 1.4 | 1.1 | -10.3 | -12.8 | -4.6 |
Pakistan | 4.4 | 3.9 | 9.2 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 3.1 | -0.9 | 5.7 | 6.0 |
Iraq | -3.4 | 3.3 | 1.5 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 13.9 | 7.4 | 0.1 | 4.9 | 14.4 | -2.1 | 2.6 | 5.6 | -12.4 | 1.5 | 7.0 |
केप वर्दे | -2.6 | 4.7 | 9.1 | 1.6 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 7.6 | -18.5 | 7.1 | 16.1 |
Zambia | 0.4 | 3.5 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 5.6 | 7.6 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 1.5 | -2.2 | 4.7 | 7.3 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | -5.7 | -7.8 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 6.3 | 2.6 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 4.6 | 2.3 | 5.5 | 9.1 |
United Arab Emirates | 20.7 | 10.7 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 6.2 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 4.2 | 6.8 | 5.6 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.1 | -5.0 | 4.4 | 7.9 |
Cuba | -2.2 | 5.9 | 11.1 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 4.3 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | -0.1 | -11.0 | 1.3 | 1.9 |
Chile | 2.8 | 4.1 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 3.9 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 3.7 | 0.8 | -6.2 | 10.7 | 2.6 |
Belgium | 0.7 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.3 | -4.8 | 6.5 | 3.1 |
Comoros | 2.2 | -3.5 | 2.7 | 4.6 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 9.4 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 1.7 | -0.9 |
Nauru | -2.4 | -5.8 | -12.1 | 9.5 | 31.5 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 26.3 | 42.6 | 1.9 | 2.1 | -4.7 | 5.4 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.4 |
Tajikistan | 4.4 | 7.0 | 4.3 | -4.7 | 7.8 | 6.6 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 4.7 | 10.5 | 7.8 | |
Seychelles | 9.1 | 0.4 | 8.9 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 3.9 | 7.2 | 4.2 | 9.7 | 12.7 | 6.6 | 6.2 | 5.2 | -8.5 | 2.5 | 3.7 |
Spain | 3.7 | 5.4 | 3.5 | -0.1 | -0.4 | -2.9 | -1.3 | 1.0 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 2.1 | -11.1 | 6.1 | 5.9 |
Jordan | 0.1 | 4.9 | 9.6 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.7 | -1.2 | 2.3 | 2.6 |
Madagascar | 2.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | -0.2 | 1.2 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 0.9 | 5.5 | -8.6 | 6.6 | 1.6 |
Cyprus | 8.1 | 6.0 | 4.9 | 2.3 | 0.4 | -3.4 | -6.6 | -1.8 | 3.3 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | -3.4 | 9.9 | 5.1 |
Haiti | 3.4 | 7.0 | 4.2 | -2.5 | 5.6 | 0.6 | 4.2 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | -1.2 | -2.9 | -2.8 | -1.8 |
Namibia | 3.2 | 4.3 | 2.6 | 7.4 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 6.5 | 3.9 | -0.3 | -0.6 | 1.1 | -0.2 | -6.8 | 1.7 | 4.4 |
Lesotho | 8.1 | 5.9 | 2.8 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 6.3 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 3.8 | 3.6 | -3.8 | -1.4 | 0.3 | -6.4 | 1.1 | 0.6 |
Finland | 1.5 | 5.1 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 1.9 | -2.0 | -1.1 | -0.3 | 0.4 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 1.5 | -2.2 | 3.4 | 2.1 |
Montenegro | 18.4 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 3.7 | -2.2 | 4.1 | 1.9 | 3.8 | 2.4 | 4.6 | 6.0 | 4.2 | -14.4 | 13.2 | 6.3 | |
Nepal | 4.9 | 5.9 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 3.1 | 5.7 | 3.5 | 0.0 | 8.6 | 7.4 | 6.4 | -2.4 | 4.5 | 5.3 |
Central African Republic | -4.4 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 4.0 | 6.5 | 4.0 | -34.8 | -1.3 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.9 |
Grenada | 4.3 | 7.4 | 12.3 | -1.9 | 0.1 | -0.7 | 3.0 | 6.4 | 5.7 | 2.2 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 1.2 | -13.6 | 5.0 | 4.5 |
United States of America | 1.7 | 3.9 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 2.5 | -2.2 | 5.9 | 2.3 |
Bahrain | 3.3 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 4.4 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 1.9 | 0.1 | -4.5 | 2.5 | 0.8 |
Oceania | 0.2 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 3.9 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 4.1 | 3.4 |