High-technology exports as a share of manufactured exports

श्रेणी विदेशी व्यापार

High-technology exports are products with high R&D intensity, such as in aerospace, computers, pharmaceuticals, scientific instruments, and electrical machinery.

High-technology exports as a share of manufactured exports (%)

	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Australia	16.5	17.9	17.3	18.0	19.0	19.7	20.6	18.1	18.1	21.2	21.5	22.4	25.6
Brunei Darussalam	27.0	20.9	13.8	16.3	8.6	19.1	13.6	29.8	0.0	8.1	1.3	1.4	1.0
Cambodia	0.2	0.1	0.3	1.2	0.5	1.5	1.9	1.7	1.4	1.2	2.3	2.9	6.4
China	32.1	30.5	30.8	31.6	29.7	30.4	30.2	30.9	31.5	30.8	31.3	30.0	23.1
Fiji	4.2	4.3	2.4	2.4	2.6	2.4	2.8	3.5	3.8	5.7	10.9	1.9	2.2
हांगकांग	36.8	20.8	18.5	13.9	11.4	12.3	13.5	61.6	64.7	65.6	69.6	70.5	34.8
Indonesia	12.1	10.6	10.7	9.6	9.3	8.9	8.0	8.4	8.2	8.1	8.4	7.2	7.9
Japan	19.1	18.3	18.2	17.7	17.8	18.0	17.6	17.6	17.3	17.0	18.6	18.0	13.4
Kiribati					2.8	1.4	2.8	3.4	21.6		7.7	2.3
Republic of Korea	32.1	28.2	28.2	29.8	30.1	31.2	30.5	32.5	36.4	32.4	35.7	36.1	16.9
Lao People’s Democratic Republic	6.3	8.2	8.8	9.8	25.0	35.2	33.6	38.0	38.0	20.6	23.2	7.3
मकाउ	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0		16.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysia	49.3	47.2	47.5	48.5	49.2	48.5	49.1	51.1	53.2	51.6	53.8	51.7	28.2
Mongolia				16.3	19.6	4.2	16.5	3.5	5.0	18.9	3.0	22.0	30.8
Myanmar	0.0	0.2	1.0	0.3	0.6	0.5	7.5	6.0	4.5	2.8	3.2	5.1	2.6
New Zealand	9.7	10.0	10.1	10.7	9.9	10.1	10.9	9.3	9.8	9.9	9.6	9.8	12.0
Palau					20.3	41.2	60.5	26.8	51.7
Papua New Guinea		23.1	4.0							29.8	44.8	40.1
Philippines								60.3	61.3	62.2	67.0	64.2	66.6
Samoa	1.3	1.0	0.3	0.7	2.0	0.8	1.0	1.4	3.1	2.3		1.1
Singapore	52.3	47.7	48.5	50.3	50.6	52.2	52.2	53.1	51.6	51.8	55.3	55.0	25.0
Solomon Islands						2.8	1.7	1.0	1.4
Thailand	26.3	22.7	22.8	22.1	22.6	23.9	24.2	25.1	23.7	23.5	27.7	24.8	21.8
Tonga	0.0	0.1	6.6	6.0	2.7
Viet Nam	13.1	18.8	27.2	33.6	32.1	36.4	38.1	41.7	40.8	40.4	41.7	41.5	38.6
Albania	1.5	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.3	1.6	0.8	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.1
Andorra	23.5	18.5	20.6	23.6	20.7	22.6	24.4	23.3	28.5	32.5	23.0	24.4	11.7
Armenia	2.3	3.4	2.9	3.0	3.0	5.7	6.1	7.6	7.1	9.8	7.1	6.0	21.4
Austria	13.7	13.3	14.5	15.4	15.5	15.0	14.5	12.9	11.6	11.5	12.3	11.0	16.5
Azerbaijan	1.4	1.7	8.6	13.8	7.7	3.9	2.8	3.3	4.3	5.0	7.1	2.1	3.9
Belarus	3.1	2.6	2.8	4.6	4.2	4.5	4.9	4.4	4.1	4.3	4.8	5.6
Belgium	9.3	8.7	8.9	10.6	11.9	12.3	13.3	11.5	11.7	14.1	15.3	21.4	21.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.8	3.3	2.6	2.4	2.5	3.0	2.7	5.4	5.3	5.3	4.6	5.3	5.2
Bulgaria	8.4	7.8	8.0	8.3	7.6	8.4	9.0	9.6	10.4	10.8	11.3	10.9	8.6
Croatia	10.2	8.7	11.8	12.5	10.4	10.7	14.4	8.7	8.8	8.3	9.7	9.6	12.0
Cyprus	38.2	30.4	16.6	13.1	14.5	12.7	13.3	13.3	19.9	19.9	12.2	16.0	17.6
Czech Republic	17.9	18.7	18.6	17.3	17.4	17.7	16.9	17.8	19.6	20.7	22.6	20.4	21.2
Denmark	15.5	15.3	15.8	15.8	15.7	17.2	14.9	12.5	12.4	12.0	13.2	13.8	15.8
Estonia	15.7	22.2	20.6	20.7	23.7	22.7	21.9	17.9	18.2	16.9	20.6	20.6	17.7
Finland	13.1	11.1	10.5	9.0	10.1	10.2	10.1	9.7	9.0	9.2	10.0	10.3	8.1
France	26.3	25.1	26.7	27.2	27.4	28.2	27.9	26.0	25.9	26.9	23.1	21.9	20.8
Georgia	2.0	1.5	2.5	2.5	3.1	5.8	3.4	3.0	2.9	2.1	2.1	1.6	3.1
Germany	16.9	16.3	17.2	17.3	17.2	17.8	18.1	15.8	15.7	16.4	15.5	15.4	16.0
Greece	11.6	11.3	10.1	8.5	11.5	12.9	13.7	12.1	12.9	12.5	13.2	12.3	14.3
Hungary	25.9	25.2	21.2	19.4	16.7	17.1	17.6	17.2	16.8	17.4	17.4	16.2	17.7
Iceland	21.2	21.1	15.4	15.7	17.1	20.1	23.4	26.4	23.5	38.1	28.0	33.5	33.3
Ireland	22.9	24.9	25.6	25.0	24.9	28.3	32.8	29.3	25.0	26.0	25.9	28.5	40.7
Italy	8.0	8.0	7.6	7.8	7.7	8.2	8.3	7.8	7.5	7.8	8.6	7.8	8.8
Kazakhstan	35.4	25.7	31.0	38.5	39.3	43.4	32.1	24.2	23.6	29.3	33.4	28.0	32.2
Kyrgyzstan	1.2	4.0	4.8	5.4	2.0	12.2	19.6	17.6	8.1	6.7	8.7	16.3	10.5
Latvia	8.5	9.5	11.4	15.4	17.7	18.9	17.2	17.7	20.5	17.2	20.0	17.0	16.4
Lithuania	11.2	10.6	11.0	11.0	11.1	12.8	12.6	12.6	12.1	12.0	12.0	11.5	12.8
Luxembourg	8.8	9.0	8.7	6.8	6.0	7.1	8.0	7.0	7.0	6.6	5.6	6.1	5.9
North Macedonia	3.6	4.1	4.1	3.8	3.3	3.4	2.1	4.0	4.0	4.2	4.2	4.0	4.0
Republic of Moldova	9.7	7.4	5.1	2.8	5.3	4.6	3.5	5.4	2.5	3.0	2.2	2.2	2.1
Montenegro	10.3	8.3	10.8	7.9	14.6	12.8	5.6	4.2	3.2	6.9	7.6	9.4	8.2
Netherlands	27.8	25.2	25.5	24.6	24.5	24.0	24.0	22.9	22.5	23.0	23.1	22.0	20.6
Norway	20.4	21.5	21.1	21.0	22.3	22.3	21.0	21.6	21.1	22.5	22.1	20.6	23.6
Poland	7.7	6.6	7.8	8.7	10.1	10.8	10.7	10.7	10.4	9.9	9.9	9.4	10.8
Portugal	4.1	4.1	4.5	4.7	4.9	5.1	5.8	6.0	5.3	6.9	7.1	6.3	6.2
Romania	12.5	11.6	8.2	7.4	8.4	9.4	10.4	9.8	10.1	11.1	11.9	11.5	11.6
Russian Federation	9.4	8.4	9.1	10.6	12.1	16.0	15.7	12.3	11.3	12.9	9.1	9.7
Slovakia	7.4	7.5	9.6	11.0	11.1	11.2	10.7	11.8	10.6	9.9	10.0	9.0	8.4
Slovenia	6.1	6.2	6.7	6.7	6.4	7.0	7.1	6.5	6.8	7.4	7.8	6.2	8.5
Spain	6.6	6.6	7.2	7.0	6.9	6.9	7.8	7.0	6.8	6.8	7.8	9.4	12.4
Sweden	19.4	18.7	18.0	18.0	17.9	18.1	17.8	15.1	14.2	14.5	15.1	13.9	16.8
Switzerland	25.8	25.3	26.1	26.7	26.7	27.1	27.3	14.0	13.3	12.9	12.8	14.2	28.8
Tajikistan							33.8	14.5	4.2	4.5	1.0	0.4	1.6
Turkey	2.2	2.1	2.2	3.1	3.4	3.4	3.0	3.2	2.7	3.0	3.2	3.3	3.6
Ukraine		4.5	6.5	6.1	6.9	8.0	6.7	6.2	5.4	5.5	5.9	4.5	5.7
United Kingdom	23.3	23.3	23.4	23.6	22.2	22.3	23.5	22.6	22.3	23.1	23.0	23.9	26.5
Uzbekistan								1.5	0.5	0.7	1.3	0.3	1.4
Antigua and Barbuda				0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.4	0.6	0.0	3.7	0.0	0.0
Argentina	7.7	7.3	6.6	7.5	7.1	9.2	9.0	9.2	5.4	5.2	6.9	4.4	4.8
Barbados										13.7	20.3	17.2	17.0
Belize	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.9	0.2	0.0
Bolivia	8.4	13.3	9.2	9.4	8.1	6.4	4.5	5.9	5.0	3.5	4.3	4.5	5.5
Brazil	12.6	11.1	11.9	12.0	12.4	14.5	16.0	14.3	14.7	14.1	11.4	9.0	9.0
Chile	6.2	5.1	5.4	6.7	7.1	6.7	8.4	7.1	6.9	7.6	16.0	12.4	6.5
Colombia	5.4	4.7	5.7	7.8	8.1	9.8	10.2	9.0	7.2	9.0	9.9	8.2	8.4
Costa Rica	40.1	41.0	39.8	43.4	36.5	17.0	18.4	18.5	18.5	17.6	15.7	17.0	20.4
Cuba							35.0	21.0	11.5
Dominica	0.8		9.0	5.9			9.6	8.3	5.3	16.9	1.7	3.3
Dominican Republic	2.3	2.4	3.2	4.5	4.3	4.0	4.4	8.4	6.4	6.3	8.7	8.5	6.0
Ecuador	8.7	3.6	2.9	5.2	5.6	7.7	9.2	8.0	5.3	5.5	4.3	4.8	6.7
El Salvador	7.3	6.6	6.0	5.7	5.7	5.0	5.4	5.7	6.1	5.1	6.4	7.2	7.8
Grenada	2.0	1.9	3.3	2.8	15.7	6.0	32.2	7.2	12.7	11.4	3.0	1.2	2.2
Guatemala	6.3	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.4	5.5	5.8	5.3	5.3	4.9	6.1	5.2	5.0
Guyana	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.3	2.6	0.2	0.1
Honduras	2.6	1.7	2.8		2.6	1.3	2.8	3.1	2.0	2.0	4.1	1.4
Jamaica	3.0	7.3	2.1	3.6	4.6	1.0	4.1	5.7	8.0	4.2	2.4	2.5	1.5
Mexico	22.1	21.1	21.4	20.5	20.2	19.6	20.6	21.2	20.9	20.4	21.5	19.8	19.4
Nicaragua	5.4	6.7	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.7	1.1	0.5	1.2	1.3
Panama	0.8	1.4	0.4	0.0	0.2	0.0	1.2	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.7	0.3	0.2
Paraguay	8.6	10.0	8.8	8.6	6.8	6.0	7.6	6.4	9.7	7.2	5.1	7.4	10.6
Peru	7.0	6.5	3.8	4.1	4.3	5.3	4.8	5.1	4.7	4.1	4.8	4.5	4.6
Saint Kitts and Nevis	1.3	0.1	35.8	35.1	27.6	23.3	25.8	34.6
Saint Lucia			8.2	8.5	6.3	4.6	6.4	4.6	14.3	10.5	9.3
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	9.9	0.0	0.0
Suriname	14.2	6.9	25.1	10.9	14.9	10.8	20.0	8.3	5.8	12.5	2.5	4.6	11.3
Bahamas	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	7.8	2.0	1.2	3.0		0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0.1	0.1	0.8	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1
Uruguay	7.3	6.7	9.9	9.2	8.6	14.7	10.6	8.5	7.6	8.3	9.8	8.6	9.6
Algeria	1.2	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.5	1.0
Bahrain	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.6	1.5	0.9	1.1	0.6	0.4	4.4	9.0	0.6	0.5
Egypt	1.0	1.0	0.6	0.5	1.3	0.8	0.5	0.6	0.9	2.3	2.7	2.8	3.2
Iran		4.2		1.5	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.4	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.4
Israel	19.4	18.4	19.9	19.0	19.4	23.7	21.8	21.1	22.5	23.1	28.2	29.6	21.8
Jordan	2.9	2.6	2.4	1.7	1.8	2.6	3.4	1.8	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.7	1.4
Kuwait	3.1	2.8		1.7	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	4.1	0.9	1.3	1.2	0.7
Lebanon	24.1	3.0	2.3	2.7	2.5	2.2	2.8	7.6	2.4	3.9	5.1	2.2	15.1
Libya										0.6
Malta	47.2	47.4	45.9	38.7	34.7	30.8	21.9	30.4	33.1	29.6	35.3	30.7	7.9
Morocco						3.7	3.7	3.9	4.0	4.9	4.4	4.3	4.1
Oman			3.4	3.4	4.4	3.2	1.5	1.1	1.3	1.5	8.5	6.6	7.6
Qatar		0.0	0.6	0.5	0.0	1.1	0.0	0.0	1.8	0.0	7.1	1.7	2.9
Saudi Arabia	0.8	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.8	1.3	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.3
Syrian Arab Republic	1.4
Tunisia	8.0	8.3	7.0	6.4	6.8	7.8	7.9	7.4	6.8	6.9	7.6	7.2	7.2
United Arab Emirates			3.8	3.6	10.2	5.3	2.6	2.9	2.9	3.0	5.4	9.0	9.3
फिलिस्तीन	3.0	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.2	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.9	0.9	1.7	1.6
Yemen	0.6	0.7	0.7	3.3	1.5	4.8
Canada	15.5	14.7	15.6	15.5	14.7	14.8	14.1	14.3	15.4	16.1	15.3	15.0	13.7
United States of America	22.6	20.6	20.2	20.2	20.5	21.4	22.4	19.3	18.5	18.7	19.5	19.9	17.9
Afghanistan									0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.3		0.3
Bhutan	0.1	0.0	0.0
India	7.7	7.9	7.7	8.9	9.2	8.0	7.7	7.4	9.0	10.2	11.0	10.2	12.5
Maldives							0.0	0.1				2.0	4.1
Nepal	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.7	0.6	0.8	1.2	0.6	1.1	2.4	1.2	0.5
Pakistan	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.9	1.4	1.6	2.0	2.2	2.2	2.3	1.9	1.5	1.4
Sri Lanka	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0		1.1	1.3	1.0	1.1
Angola						12.6	13.0	19.4	23.3	27.5	23.4	16.1	22.1
Benin				1.3	4.1	1.6	1.2	4.7	2.8	1.5	1.8	2.7	4.3
Botswana				0.4	0.2	0.7	0.4	1.0	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.5
Burkina Faso	16.6	10.8	8.6	14.0	11.1	5.0	5.9	5.8	5.9	25.8	3.4	2.3	1.5
Burundi				0.3	1.5	3.5	3.2	1.7	25.9	0.5	0.1	0.3	1.1
केप वर्दे	0.0	0.6	0.0		0.0				0.0		0.8		0.2
Cameroon				3.2	6.8	4.9	5.6	6.0	7.0	5.1	3.1	2.2
Central African Republic	22.6	0.0	1.4	0.3		5.3	11.8	22.1	29.0	95.6	0.7	7.7	37.3
Comoros					2.1	3.2	0.2	27.4	0.2	3.0	0.6	0.2
Congo					1.1	0.9	1.2	2.0	2.5	6.3	4.5	6.5
Côte d'Ivoire	4.2	16.7	9.0	4.4	11.4	7.2	8.6	7.0	6.6	11.2	5.1	3.9	3.6
Democratic Republic of the Congo						2.6	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.8	0.5	0.1	0.7
Ethiopia	4.9	2.2	3.4	1.8	9.1	6.2	6.8	5.8	13.6	9.4	13.1	8.5	3.2
Gabon	25.3	11.1	4.2	1.0	1.6	1.1	1.6	3.2	3.0	2.3	2.4	1.5
Ghana	2.4	1.7	7.6	5.1	6.7	7.6	2.3	4.4	8.3	1.1
Guinea				2.5	5.1	1.0	0.9
Guinea Bissau						5.8
Kenya	6.7			4.1		4.4	7.6	3.3	3.6	4.6	5.1	3.1	2.3
Lesotho						0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.1
Madagascar	1.2	9.7	0.4	0.5	0.7	0.3	0.8	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.7
Malawi	2.0	15.7	2.1	11.5	4.1	1.3	2.4	2.0	2.1	6.8	2.8	6.1	2.3
Mali	4.5	4.4	2.3				6.5	1.2	5.5	5.5
Mauritania							0.0			0.0	2.0	5.1	4.0
Mauritius	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.0	0.1	0.1	2.4	2.6	2.1	2.3	0.4	2.0
Mozambique			24.7	13.6	5.7	11.7	1.6	11.9	5.6	1.1	1.0	2.0	3.4
Namibia	2.0	1.8	5.4	2.8	3.6	0.4	2.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.5	0.1	0.1
Niger	8.0	5.8	13.2	57.7	60.3	15.9	6.8	18.3	8.6	5.6	12.2	32.4	13.9
Nigeria	1.1	1.3	1.9	3.0	2.1	11.9	2.4	2.3	1.9	1.5	6.9	6.5	2.4
Rwanda	7.1	13.7	5.1	5.0	11.9	15.3	13.5	2.7	2.6	10.8	7.6	5.1	4.8
Sao Tome and Principe		2.0	14.5	14.5	1.4	47.0	68.1	34.7	46.0	17.0	10.2	8.2	5.3
Senegal	1.9	0.9	0.9	1.5	1.8	3.7	2.7	2.2	2.8	0.9	0.7	1.9	2.3
Seychelles				9.6	6.1	8.0	3.8	30.7	5.2	2.2	3.3	3.3
Sierra Leone					0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.7
South Africa	6.2	6.2	6.7	6.5	6.7	7.4	6.7	5.7	5.3	4.9	5.6	5.5	5.5
इस्वातिनी	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.9	0.3	0.3	0.3
United Republic of Tanzania	3.9	5.7	10.7	6.1	3.4	0.8	2.3	2.6	6.9	1.3	2.7	1.7	1.7
Gambia		4.0	0.2	3.4	0.0	1.1	0.0	0.4	1.7	0.0	0.9	0.0
Togo	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.7	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3
Uganda	2.6	22.6	21.9	2.1	2.7	2.3	2.0	2.1	3.5	3.1	2.1	2.3
Zambia	0.5	1.6	3.8	1.3	1.6	4.2	22.5	4.5	2.1	2.2	1.4	0.9	0.8
Zimbabwe	1.9	2.8	6.2	2.9	1.5	3.3	5.2	2.6	2.1	4.9	2.4	1.1	1.5

High-technology exports as a share of manufactured exports (%)

Knoema

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