Number of researchers in R&D

473.7 (per million people) in 2023

Researchers in R&D are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge, products, processes, methods, or systems and in the management of the projects concerned. Postgraduate PhD students (ISCED97 level 6) engaged in R&D are included.

तिथि मान बदले , %
2023 473.7 18.02%
2021 401.4 10.77%
2019 362.4 15.05%
2017 315.0 22.23%
2015 257.7 78.44%
2013 144.4 11.02%
2011 130.1 -9.58%
2009 143.9 -0.67%
2007 144.8 97.91%
2005 73.2 3.08%
1997 71.0