Primary net lending/borrowing is net lending (+)/borrowing (?) plus net interest payable/paid (interest expense minus interest revenue).
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angola | 8 | 280 | 351 | 943 | 610 | 59 | -670 | -158 | -278 | -600 | 1,800 | 1,960 | 1,662 | 4,233 | |
| Congo | 46 | 187 | 628 | 1,063 | 1,191 | 655 | -235 | -933 | -1,206 | -823 | -276 | 571 | 591 | 7 | 274 |
| Equatorial Guinea | -56 | -18 | 803 | -346 | 112 | -796 | -440 | -760 | -1,146 | -700 | -154 | 86 | 179 | -25 | 250 |
| Jamaica | 4 | 40 | 71 | 54 | 40 | 72 | 112 | 117 | 121 | 136 | 144 | 153 | 151 | 69 | 155 |
| Gabon | 24 | 640 | 527 | 289 | 244 | 638 | -132 | 683 | 77 | -198 | 72 | 205 | 435 | 104 | 101 |
| Egypt | 21 | -13 | -40 | -69 | -83 | -110 | -90 | -101 | -117 | -87 | -19 | 72 | 73 | 78 | |
| Qatar | 6 | 19 | 36 | 54 | 81 | 165 | 124 | 137 | -18 | -6 | 49 | 43 | 19 | 40 | |
| United Arab Emirates | 41 | 106 | 9 | 71 | 128 | 126 | 33 | -41 | -35 | -22 | 22 | 11 | -65 | 40 | |
| Libya | 0 | 3 | 19 | 11 | -7 | 29 | -16 | -22 | -19 | -20 | -10 | 10 | 12 | -14 | 20 |
| Mauritania | -1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 0 | -4 | -3 | 2 | 4 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 10 | ||
| Dominican Republic | -3 | 9 | -18 | -23 | -100 | -32 | -12 | 73 | -20 | -21 | 18 | 25 | -208 | 10 | |
| Azerbaijan | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 2 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 5 | 8 | -4 | 4 | |
| Guatemala | -1 | -1 | -6 | -5 | -3 | -2 | -2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | -2 | -4 | -19 | 4 | |
| Vanuatu | -2 | 1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 2 | -6 | 0 | -1 | 7 | 4 | -1 | 3 | |
| Bhutan | 0 | 0 | -2 | 3 | -1 | 0 | -2 | 5 | 2 | -1 | -5 | -2 | 0 | -2 | 2 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Dominica | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Grenada | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Belize | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Liberia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Somalia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Barbados | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Saint Lucia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ecuador | 1 | 1 | -1 | 0 | -2 | -7 | -7 | -5 | -8 | -4 | -2 | -1 | -4 | 0 | |
| Belarus | 0 | -1 | -1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | -1 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | -2 | 0 | ||
| Oman | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -4 | -6 | -3 | -2 | -2 | -4 | 0 |
| Seychelles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | -3 | -1 |
| Timor-Leste | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | ||
| Suriname | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -6 | -3 | -1 | |
| Eritrea | -2 | -3 | -3 | -1 | -1 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 2 | 1 | -1 | -1 | |
| Fiji | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | |
| Bahamas | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 |
| Bahrain | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -1 | 0 | -2 | -2 | -1 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -1 |
| Lesotho | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | -2 | 1 | -1 | 1 | 0 | -3 | 0 | -1 | -2 | 1 | -1 |
| Jordan | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | -3 | -2 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -1 |
| Brunei Darussalam | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 1 | -3 | -3 | -2 | -1 | -2 | -3 | -2 |
| Gambia | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | -2 | 1 | 1 | -2 | |
| इस्वातिनी | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -1 | 2 | 1 | -1 | -3 | -5 | -3 | -5 | -3 | -2 | -2 |
| Nicaragua | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | -1 | -3 | -4 | -5 | -4 | -8 | 4 | -4 | -2 | |
| Panama | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -4 | -3 | |
| Papua New Guinea | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | -3 | -3 | -2 | -2 | 0 | 0 | -2 | -5 | -4 | |
| Botswana | 2 | 6 | -7 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 6 | -6 | 2 | -1 | -8 | -14 | -18 | -4 | |
| Kuwait | -3 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 6 | -3 | -5 | -3 | -2 | -3 | -9 | -6 |
| Tunisia | 0 | 0 | 1 | -1 | -2 | -4 | -1 | -3 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | -7 | -6 | |
| Namibia | 0 | 0 | 1 | -3 | -5 | -2 | -4 | -7 | -10 | -11 | -3 | -3 | -3 | -7 | -8 |
| Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 0 | 0 | -1 | -9 | |||||||||||
| Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | -2 | -5 | -10 | -12 | -12 | -5 | -1 | -12 | -9 |
| Zambia | 0 | 0 | -1 | -1 | -2 | -7 | -6 | -12 | -5 | -9 | -10 | -8 | -26 | -9 | |
| Maldives | 0 | 0 | -1 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | -3 | -6 | -1 | -3 | -4 | -12 | -9 |
| केप वर्दे | -11 | -4 | -13 | -9 | -13 | -12 | -9 | -3 | -1 | -1 | 0 | 1 | -12 | -10 | |
| Mozambique | 0 | -1 | -3 | -11 | -15 | -12 | -9 | -49 | -35 | -20 | 8 | -10 | 32 | -22 | -10 |
| Peru | 1 | 4 | 5 | 14 | 15 | 9 | 4 | -7 | -9 | -13 | -6 | -1 | -50 | -11 | |
| Comoros | 0 | -1 | 1 | 15 | 4 | 9 | 44 | -1 | 11 | -24 | 0 | -6 | -22 | -1 | -13 |
| Honduras | 0 | 4 | -1 | -12 | -11 | -13 | -21 | -11 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | -22 | -14 |
| Mauritius | -1 | -2 | 0 | -1 | 3 | -4 | -3 | -5 | -2 | 3 | 2 | -25 | -35 | -18 | |
| Ghana | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | -3 | -6 | -7 | -5 | 2 | -3 | 3 | -4 | -6 | -35 | -19 |
| Djibouti | -3 | -5 | -2 | -2 | -3 | -6 | -15 | -26 | -65 | -35 | -17 | -8 | 2 | -9 | -19 |
| Bolivia | 0 | -1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | -5 | -13 | -15 | -17 | -19 | -17 | -28 | -22 |
| Sudan | 0 | 0 | -1 | 2 | -3 | -14 | -17 | -17 | -16 | -26 | -50 | -105 | -216 | -305 | -36 |
| Haiti | -1 | -1 | -6 | -6 | -14 | -24 | -23 | -10 | 2 | 3 | -9 | -23 | -31 | -37 | |
| Guinea Bissau | 1 | -10 | 0 | -7 | -11 | -9 | -11 | -17 | -34 | -7 | -36 | -24 | -71 | -38 | |
| Chad | -57 | 8 | -190 | 172 | 58 | -99 | -249 | -174 | 4 | 79 | 185 | 53 | 188 | -41 | |
| Morocco | 10 | 10 | -15 | -16 | -36 | -40 | -23 | -22 | -21 | -22 | -10 | -14 | -18 | -54 | -49 |
| Malaysia | 4 | -18 | -8 | -24 | -18 | -20 | -22 | -10 | -11 | -9 | -8 | -11 | 0 | -41 | -52 |
| Zimbabwe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | -2 | -1 | 12 | -55 | ||
| Saudi Arabia | 47 | 231 | 94 | 292 | 324 | 145 | -120 | -438 | -413 | -302 | -192 | -133 | -344 | -66 | |
| Central African Republic | -23 | -1 | -26 | -4 | -18 | 13 | -45 | -31 | -1 | 17 | -9 | -7 | 24 | -42 | -82 |
| Burundi | -26 | -96 | -76 | -73 | -101 | -43 | -143 | -344 | -316 | -238 | -274 | -226 | -215 | -89 | |
| Ethiopia | -2 | -5 | -3 | -4 | -6 | -7 | -14 | -24 | -20 | -29 | -51 | -55 | -55 | -80 | -96 |
| Guyana | 6 | -15 | -5 | -8 | -21 | -14 | -28 | -1 | -24 | -24 | -19 | -21 | -83 | -109 | |
| South Africa | 31 | 47 | -70 | -47 | -57 | -48 | -48 | -64 | -29 | -39 | -19 | -64 | -311 | -114 | |
| Nepal | -4 | 6 | 0 | 0 | -7 | 44 | 41 | 22 | 38 | -74 | -187 | -173 | -184 | -140 | |
| Togo | 2 | -30 | -15 | -24 | -60 | -110 | -124 | -185 | -172 | -190 | 41 | 47 | 154 | -200 | -179 |
| Yemen | -12 | 129 | 11 | -113 | -12 | -66 | -126 | 140 | -252 | -281 | -467 | -900 | -713 | -386 | -231 |
| Benin | -2 | -78 | -46 | 5 | -35 | 11 | -65 | -90 | -338 | -237 | -204 | -110 | 89 | -245 | -340 |
| Cameroon | 364 | 441 | -94 | -281 | -164 | -534 | -665 | -739 | -1,034 | -816 | -336 | -522 | -551 | -356 | |
| Mali | -40 | -73 | -115 | -174 | -28 | -123 | -163 | -95 | -272 | -181 | -366 | -66 | -421 | -379 | |
| Niger | -23 | -25 | -32 | -80 | -29 | -86 | -311 | -360 | -232 | -220 | -146 | -195 | -339 | -395 | |
| Malawi | 8 | 31 | -23 | -9 | -33 | 0 | -84 | -102 | -156 | -116 | -123 | -440 | -456 | ||
| Kenya | 0 | 34 | 29 | -71 | -80 | -168 | -171 | -206 | -290 | -353 | -354 | -321 | -388 | -451 | -471 |
| Burkina Faso | -63 | -47 | -140 | -182 | -88 | -135 | -201 | -76 | -102 | -169 | -497 | -295 | -202 | -428 | -481 |
| Mongolia | -53 | 95 | 84 | -491 | -916 | 93 | -328 | -424 | -2,674 | 115 | 1,977 | 1,240 | -2,522 | -539 | |
| Bangladesh | 5 | -43 | -61 | -65 | -174 | -126 | -175 | -142 | -288 | -325 | -612 | -651 | -1,096 | -951 | -567 |
| Rwanda | 3 | 30 | -8 | -19 | -93 | -22 | -177 | -113 | -89 | -114 | -116 | -353 | -760 | -567 | |
| Pakistan | 80 | 13 | -252 | -532 | -841 | -882 | -73 | -138 | -21 | -490 | -723 | -1,320 | -723 | -623 | |
| Senegal | 79 | 26 | -254 | -310 | -270 | -292 | -250 | -225 | -182 | -128 | -214 | -266 | -614 | -659 | |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | -18 | 61 | -139 | -65 | 630 | 718 | 94 | -48 | -85 | 906 | 285 | -1,470 | -1,067 | -854 | |
| Philippines | 52 | 32 | 203 | 61 | 220 | 245 | 308 | 394 | 355 | 212 | 208 | 20 | -14 | -702 | -886 |
| Thailand | -38 | 243 | -49 | 108 | 0 | 163 | -8 | 97 | 139 | 12 | 101 | -47 | -673 | -998 | |
| Sri Lanka | -4 | -48 | -52 | -93 | -93 | -80 | -53 | -209 | -241 | -29 | 2 | 91 | -295 | -930 | -1,010 |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 221 | 50 | -33 | -264 | -197 | -131 | -165 | -256 | -494 | -619 | -510 | -264 | -1,302 | -1,146 | |
| Madagascar | 8 | -25 | -24 | -11 | -308 | -414 | -774 | -451 | -716 | -138 | -578 | -261 | -369 | -1,595 | -1,217 |
| Iraq | 2,882 | -5,984 | 11,869 | 11,333 | -15,600 | -14,704 | -25,264 | -27,327 | -1,176 | 24,458 | 5,066 | -23,303 | -1,234 | ||
| Algeria | 29 | 521 | 879 | -234 | -348 | -852 | -152 | -1,398 | -2,716 | -2,356 | -1,521 | -1,434 | -2,087 | -2,143 | -1,557 |
| Guinea | -44 | -83 | 153 | -3,245 | 241 | 12,815 | -1,748 | -1,349 | -3,770 | 731 | -1,080 | -288 | 251 | -3,213 | -1,821 |
| Sierra Leone | 24 | 69 | -354 | -331 | -563 | -208 | -596 | -807 | -1,854 | -1,810 | -905 | -162 | -1,091 | -1,977 | |
| United Republic of Tanzania | 55 | -464 | -1,808 | -1,485 | -1,889 | -1,871 | -1,286 | -1,616 | -657 | 478 | -293 | -416 | -1,304 | -2,457 | |
| Lao People’s Democratic Republic | -458 | -564 | -633 | -642 | -1,356 | -2,961 | -2,578 | -5,635 | -5,116 | -6,679 | -5,392 | -3,291 | -6,852 | -4,622 | |
| Myanmar | -114 | -271 | -1,359 | -1,340 | -644 | -234 | -41 | -1,114 | -1,932 | -1,260 | -1,506 | -2,562 | -4,612 | -5,643 | |
| Cambodia | -657 | -44 | -1,676 | -2,305 | -2,396 | -1,400 | -879 | -252 | 48 | -407 | 996 | 3,626 | -3,220 | -6,019 | |
| Nigeria | 27 | 560 | 1,509 | -1,965 | 812 | 613 | -1,357 | -1,315 | -2,541 | -3,450 | -4,665 | -3,384 | -4,389 | -5,343 | -6,422 |
| Uganda | 24 | 203 | -2,119 | -919 | -1,062 | -1,778 | -1,383 | -1,043 | -601 | -1,706 | -1,559 | -3,797 | -7,394 | -7,457 | |
| Republic of Korea | 33,277 | 19,596 | 12,373 | 14,818 | 18,012 | 5,753 | 2,678 | 3,156 | 23,651 | 33,843 | 40,776 | -2,770 | -52,648 | -7,870 | |
| India | -301 | -887 | -903 | -3,433 | -3,497 | -3,173 | -2,740 | -3,209 | -3,696 | -3,877 | -2,557 | -3,157 | -5,582 | -15,028 | -11,514 |
| Chile | 468 | -23 | 3,428 | -346 | 1,851 | 1,029 | -535 | -2,001 | -2,968 | -4,012 | -4,066 | -2,106 | -4,654 | -13,231 | -16,510 |
| Uzbekistan | -131 | -665 | 2,050 | 5,294 | 7,396 | 3,124 | 3,328 | -892 | 1,421 | 2,872 | 6,630 | -2,424 | -20,300 | -35,994 | |
| Colombia | 675 | 1,607 | 6,968 | -6,809 | 551 | 12,137 | 6,765 | -1,225 | -13,799 | -3,029 | -4,575 | -24,621 | -10,718 | -43,537 | -46,308 |
| Viet Nam | -5,488 | -4,450 | -36,271 | -2,107 | -1,82,636 | -2,12,726 | -1,80,938 | -1,76,673 | -91,646 | -25,885 | 35,018 | 76,487 | -1,23,697 | -1,88,570 | |
| Indonesia | 21,820 | 77,979 | 3,117 | 38,210 | -36,169 | -98,580 | -93,350 | -1,44,079 | -1,25,580 | -1,24,409 | -1,606 | -77,420 | -6,29,535 | -4,40,209 | |
| Iran | -56,590 | -47,556 | -46,269 | -39,405 | -80,090 | -1,18,391 | -1,69,774 | -1,94,447 | -1,59,506 | -2,07,852 | -10,88,497 | -21,52,159 | -24,60,163 | ||
| Afghanistan | -3 | 7 | -5 | 3 | -6 | -20 | -16 | 2 | -8 | 22 | -15 | -34 | |||
| Lebanon | -374 | -1,946 | 632 | 1,578 | 2,087 | -132 | -515 | 1,807 | 1,089 | 335 | 605 | -1,196 | -258 | -456 | |
| Syrian Arab Republic | -10 | -7 | -49 | -203 |