Public expenditure on education as % of GDP is the total public expenditure (current and capital) on education expressed as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in a given year. Public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and transfers/subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).
| 1970 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | 2.4 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.0 | ||||
| Republic of Korea | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.9 | ||||||||
| Dominican Republic | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 3.9 | ||||
| Guatemala | 1.9 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | |||
| Panama | 4.0 | 4.8 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 3.4 | ||||||
| Nicaragua | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 3.8 | ||||||
| Pakistan | 2.5 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | |
| Botswana | 5.7 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.1 | ||||||
| Kenya | 5.2 | 7.3 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 4.0 | ||
| Zambia | 4.4 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 3.6 | |||
| Indonesia | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.3 | |||
| Barbados | 4.7 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 6.1 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.0 | |||
| Peru | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.2 | ||
| Jamaica | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.7 | |
| Madagascar | 2.4 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | |||
| Mauritius | 3.1 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.6 | |
| Sri Lanka | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.8 | ||||
| Nigeria | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | |||||
| Uganda | 2.5 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | |||
| Philippines | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.6 | ||||||
| Honduras | 6.3 | 5.9 | 7.1 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 4.4 | 4.0 | ||||||
| Turkey | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 2.6 | |||||
| Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 4.2 | 2.4 | ||||||||||||||||
| Cuba | 7.7 | 10.6 | 12.8 | 11.6 | 10.7 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.4 | ||||||||
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.0 | |||||||||
| Saint Lucia | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | |||||
| Trinidad and Tobago | 3.7 | 2.8 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | |||
| Zimbabwe | 12.5 | 1.5 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 2.1 | |||||||||||
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 4.7 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 3.6 | |||
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 7.3 | 6.0 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 7.2 | |||||||||
| Lao People’s Democratic Republic | 1.5 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.2 | ||
| Haiti | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.3 | |||||||||
| Guinea | 1.8 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 | |||
| United Republic of Tanzania | 1.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 | ||
| Mongolia | 5.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 3.7 | |||
| Antigua and Barbuda | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 3.6 | |||||||
| Belize | 3.7 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 4.6 | 4.3 | |||
| India | 4.3 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 4.1 | |||
| Benin | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.4 | |||
| Mozambique | 3.9 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.2 | ||||
| Senegal | 2.5 | 4.1 | 0.5 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 6.0 | |||
| Grenada | 5.1 | 5.5 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 3.9 | |||||||||
| Suriname | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 6.8 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 2.9 |