PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter)
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Nicaragua | 24.94 | 25.41 | 24.42 | 20.63 | 23.01 | 20.42 | 22.19 | 20.34 | 20.81 | 19.66 | 19.20 | 17.52 | 14.98 | 16.81 |
Panama | 18.59 | 19.08 | 17.62 | 15.13 | 15.89 | 14.68 | 15.39 | 14.86 | 14.77 | 13.87 | 13.84 | 13.21 | 11.88 | 11.47 |
China | 49.30 | 50.30 | 51.48 | 47.48 | 51.35 | 48.12 | 58.47 | 54.57 | 50.83 | 46.83 | 45.84 | 40.27 | 37.55 | 34.81 |
Indonesia | 29.84 | 26.21 | 24.39 | 20.60 | 17.92 | 19.55 | 20.10 | 18.54 | 18.67 | 19.13 | 16.96 | 18.44 | 19.43 | 17.88 |
Republic of Korea | 25.98 | 25.44 | 24.47 | 21.79 | 24.88 | 25.58 | 27.49 | 28.38 | 26.29 | 26.67 | 26.00 | 25.93 | 26.02 | 25.94 |
Lao People’s Democratic Republic | 29.69 | 28.82 | 28.78 | 24.23 | 20.58 | 22.44 | 24.24 | 21.39 | 20.17 | 22.46 | 19.15 | 20.98 | 22.43 | 22.32 |
Mongolia | 19.91 | 21.40 | 20.90 | 27.92 | 35.88 | 38.23 | 36.12 | 32.63 | 33.60 | 34.39 | 31.41 | 30.34 | 31.08 | 29.65 |
Philippines | 33.40 | 31.52 | 29.94 | 23.03 | 20.28 | 21.84 | 22.74 | 20.34 | 19.71 | 19.91 | 18.33 | 20.59 | 21.53 | 20.29 |
Turkey | 21.74 | 22.50 | 21.50 | 24.64 | 23.75 | 23.24 | 23.50 | 23.49 | 24.56 | 23.83 | 22.10 | 22.83 | 23.69 | 21.61 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 19.28 | 18.92 | 17.42 | 17.60 | 17.23 | 17.56 | 18.06 | 18.15 | 19.80 | 19.92 | 19.02 | 18.92 | 19.06 | 19.70 |
Barbados | 23.72 | 23.22 | 21.04 | 21.14 | 20.75 | 21.18 | 21.79 | 22.39 | 24.18 | 24.42 | 23.29 | 23.27 | 23.33 | 23.73 |
Belize | 28.41 | 27.20 | 24.75 | 22.63 | 25.02 | 23.71 | 26.87 | 26.77 | 27.56 | 25.61 | 26.18 | 26.75 | 26.15 | 28.65 |
Cuba | 20.92 | 21.40 | 19.36 | 18.91 | 19.67 | 19.63 | 19.91 | 20.76 | 21.40 | 19.75 | 20.13 | 20.92 | 20.34 | 21.24 |
Dominican Republic | 17.76 | 19.07 | 18.16 | 17.54 | 17.47 | 17.65 | 17.66 | 18.94 | 19.96 | 19.25 | 19.12 | 19.59 | 19.50 | 19.83 |
Grenada | 24.23 | 24.03 | 21.72 | 21.99 | 21.61 | 22.05 | 22.87 | 23.32 | 25.18 | 25.08 | 24.30 | 24.10 | 24.26 | 24.66 |
Guatemala | 40.93 | 37.47 | 30.66 | 26.65 | 30.28 | 27.30 | 29.09 | 26.73 | 27.40 | 25.22 | 25.18 | 23.22 | 20.21 | 21.64 |
Haiti | 18.96 | 20.24 | 19.21 | 18.83 | 18.89 | 19.06 | 19.40 | 20.76 | 21.51 | 20.53 | 20.71 | 21.55 | 20.94 | 21.35 |
Honduras | 32.01 | 31.22 | 27.77 | 23.60 | 27.55 | 24.21 | 26.21 | 24.20 | 24.69 | 22.88 | 22.06 | 20.52 | 18.14 | 20.31 |
Jamaica | 15.70 | 15.75 | 15.95 | 15.56 | 14.95 | 15.42 | 15.77 | 16.46 | 16.86 | 15.96 | 16.66 | 16.84 | 17.07 | 17.41 |
Peru | 80.75 | 70.04 | 67.77 | 34.71 | 32.06 | 33.90 | 32.08 | 32.92 | 32.88 | 33.74 | 32.71 | 30.63 | 29.11 | 27.04 |
Saint Lucia | 23.27 | 22.97 | 21.00 | 21.05 | 20.61 | 21.05 | 21.82 | 22.26 | 23.97 | 24.08 | 23.08 | 23.27 | 23.07 | 23.76 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 23.86 | 23.38 | 21.22 | 21.25 | 20.81 | 21.18 | 22.03 | 22.47 | 24.20 | 24.33 | 23.45 | 23.40 | 23.41 | 23.93 |
Suriname | 29.72 | 32.18 | 25.59 | 24.73 | 23.13 | 26.36 | 25.05 | 25.58 | 27.42 | 27.03 | 26.78 | 29.66 | 29.99 | 27.31 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 24.14 | 24.11 | 21.81 | 22.66 | 22.69 | 22.65 | 23.38 | 24.09 | 26.26 | 25.23 | 25.40 | 24.31 | 25.01 | 25.60 |
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 22.84 | 23.17 | 21.57 | 20.16 | 21.69 | 19.30 | 19.96 | 19.29 | 19.30 | 18.85 | 19.08 | 16.34 | 14.85 | 15.26 |
India | 62.00 | 61.51 | 62.77 | 50.10 | 61.71 | 74.00 | 76.25 | 79.04 | 73.81 | 75.79 | 67.31 | 68.12 | 59.89 | 48.39 |
Pakistan | 60.32 | 59.16 | 58.99 | 46.57 | 55.75 | 66.87 | 68.58 | 71.71 | 68.01 | 68.52 | 61.80 | 62.39 | 52.86 | 43.00 |
Sri Lanka | 26.24 | 26.66 | 26.25 | 22.05 | 19.31 | 20.91 | 21.97 | 19.78 | 17.91 | 19.52 | 18.35 | 20.85 | 19.78 | 19.96 |
Benin | 56.75 | 60.60 | 44.76 | 44.85 | 47.39 | 51.56 | 42.09 | 42.01 | 66.66 | 59.48 | 58.39 | 54.06 | 46.56 | 51.05 |
Botswana | 19.67 | 19.72 | 20.57 | 22.34 | 22.68 | 22.70 | 21.23 | 21.10 | 22.05 | 21.25 | 19.97 | 19.91 | 19.20 | 18.91 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 24.58 | 25.87 | 26.80 | 26.03 | 26.60 | 26.71 | 26.12 | 26.91 | 28.46 | 26.76 | 26.84 | 26.72 | 26.34 | 26.65 |
Guinea | 48.86 | 46.53 | 44.08 | 43.92 | 45.74 | 47.85 | 37.44 | 39.85 | 54.28 | 49.63 | 49.74 | 48.41 | 42.88 | 43.77 |
Kenya | 16.28 | 21.14 | 18.74 | 23.13 | 25.18 | 25.64 | 24.58 | 23.75 | 24.78 | 24.02 | 19.90 | 20.99 | 19.57 | 24.39 |
Madagascar | 10.71 | 11.92 | 12.63 | 14.52 | 16.02 | 14.70 | 15.50 | 15.00 | 16.08 | 16.14 | 12.55 | 12.72 | 12.79 | 12.75 |
Mauritius | 8.74 | 9.31 | 11.25 | 9.40 | 9.33 | 9.10 | 9.58 | 9.45 | 9.13 | 8.99 | 9.00 | 9.65 | 9.28 | 9.15 |
Mozambique | 19.65 | 20.26 | 19.57 | 20.98 | 21.32 | 21.49 | 21.70 | 21.61 | 21.58 | 21.07 | 18.75 | 18.83 | 19.59 | 20.08 |
Nigeria | 65.04 | 67.60 | 54.62 | 49.54 | 55.06 | 59.33 | 48.14 | 48.18 | 77.12 | 65.43 | 63.21 | 57.02 | 51.72 | 56.53 |
Senegal | 66.60 | 69.35 | 56.31 | 57.01 | 59.14 | 71.98 | 50.77 | 54.89 | 70.74 | 62.25 | 69.00 | 61.80 | 60.34 | 63.74 |
United Republic of Tanzania | 16.55 | 20.22 | 21.37 | 23.11 | 25.15 | 25.57 | 24.53 | 24.22 | 25.17 | 25.39 | 21.00 | 21.29 | 20.78 | 25.08 |
Uganda | 28.62 | 33.22 | 30.79 | 32.52 | 35.03 | 35.89 | 34.82 | 34.11 | 36.42 | 35.19 | 32.24 | 33.13 | 31.49 | 33.81 |
Zambia | 23.39 | 24.39 | 24.51 | 25.42 | 26.57 | 26.87 | 25.65 | 26.07 | 25.68 | 26.17 | 23.76 | 23.34 | 23.20 | 24.31 |
Zimbabwe | 20.81 | 20.27 | 20.42 | 21.49 | 23.62 | 23.54 | 22.60 | 23.43 | 23.10 | 22.57 | 18.00 | 19.11 | 18.53 | 19.49 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 9.14 | 8.94 | 7.76 | 7.73 | 7.02 | 7.64 | 7.49 | 7.36 | 8.18 | 8.69 | 8.59 | 8.02 | 7.87 | 8.59 |