Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs.
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latvia | 93.7 | 83.9 | 100.0 | 102.1 | 98.8 | 98.5 | 99.9 | 98.2 | 99.7 | 100.4 | 103.3 | 103.2 | 104.5 | 105.0 | 109.3 | 116.6 | 115.5 | |
| Slovakia | 45.9 | 57.6 | 76.7 | 100.0 | 100.9 | 100.1 | 101.4 | 101.4 | 97.6 | 98.3 | 98.4 | 100.6 | 100.8 | 103.1 | 103.7 | 106.3 | 113.3 | 113.8 |
| Austria | 103.7 | 98.3 | 102.9 | 100.0 | 100.3 | 98.4 | 100.5 | 101.8 | 98.3 | 99.9 | 101.0 | 102.8 | 101.7 | 103.7 | 104.0 | 102.7 | 106.6 | 107.6 |
| Netherlands | 99.5 | 92.6 | 103.8 | 100.0 | 99.4 | 96.7 | 99.8 | 100.4 | 96.0 | 97.3 | 97.9 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 101.9 | 102.1 | 102.3 | 103.3 | 104.6 |
| Belgium | 103.2 | 93.0 | 101.1 | 100.0 | 100.8 | 98.5 | 100.2 | 100.0 | 94.5 | 97.4 | 98.9 | 101.3 | 99.8 | 101.2 | 101.4 | 101.1 | 102.6 | 103.6 |
| Finland | 142.3 | 100.0 | 103.8 | 100.0 | 99.8 | 97.0 | 99.0 | 100.6 | 96.1 | 97.4 | 96.8 | 98.6 | 97.0 | 98.3 | 97.8 | 94.6 | 99.1 | 98.6 |
| Luxembourg | 101.1 | 93.2 | 99.3 | 100.0 | 100.6 | 98.8 | 100.6 | 100.8 | 97.1 | 98.1 | 98.9 | 100.3 | 99.6 | 101.0 | 101.2 | 98.3 | 98.7 | 98.5 |
| Germany | 107.8 | 99.7 | 105.2 | 100.0 | 98.9 | 95.2 | 97.6 | 98.3 | 92.5 | 94.1 | 94.9 | 97.0 | 95.5 | 96.4 | 97.1 | 93.8 | 97.1 | 97.4 |
| Spain | 107.3 | 88.5 | 99.1 | 100.0 | 100.4 | 98.0 | 99.8 | 99.3 | 93.9 | 94.7 | 96.0 | 97.9 | 95.9 | 96.4 | 97.3 | 96.3 | 96.7 | 97.2 |
| Portugal | 83.3 | 93.1 | 102.4 | 100.0 | 100.8 | 99.3 | 99.3 | 98.5 | 95.2 | 96.7 | 96.9 | 98.0 | 96.4 | 97.7 | 96.7 | 94.4 | 95.6 | 95.6 |
| Italy | 118.3 | 93.2 | 102.8 | 100.0 | 99.9 | 97.8 | 99.5 | 99.3 | 93.8 | 94.7 | 95.4 | 96.9 | 94.6 | 95.1 | 94.9 | 93.2 | 96.0 | 95.0 |
| Malta | 97.4 | 90.4 | 101.6 | 100.0 | 99.7 | 95.2 | 97.1 | 96.5 | 89.5 | 91.2 | 92.2 | 93.5 | 91.8 | 92.9 | 93.1 | 89.3 | 92.4 | 92.4 |
| France | 110.0 | 97.1 | 104.0 | 100.0 | 99.2 | 96.0 | 97.3 | 97.3 | 92.0 | 93.0 | 93.5 | 95.6 | 93.9 | 94.9 | 94.4 | 90.2 | 92.0 | 91.9 |
| Ireland | 104.6 | 82.0 | 101.5 | 100.0 | 100.2 | 95.6 | 97.4 | 96.5 | 88.4 | 89.5 | 89.8 | 90.7 | 88.0 | 88.1 | 88.2 | 85.3 | 88.9 | 88.8 |
| Cyprus | 89.1 | 91.1 | 102.4 | 100.0 | 100.1 | 97.4 | 97.4 | 96.6 | 88.2 | 87.5 | 87.5 | 89.2 | 87.5 | 87.6 | 87.7 | 86.6 | 88.2 | 88.1 |
| Greece | 82.7 | 85.2 | 96.1 | 100.0 | 100.7 | 97.5 | 96.5 | 94.9 | 89.3 | 89.5 | 89.9 | 90.5 | 88.7 | 88.3 | 87.7 | 87.6 | 87.5 | 87.3 |